Construction of Physical Fitness Norms for Men Aged 18-60 Years of Isfahan
Vazgen
Minasian
Associate Professor of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan
author
Hamid
Mohebbi
Professor of Sport Physiology, University of Guilan
author
Seyed Mohammad
Marandi
Professor of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan
author
Omid
Hasani
M.Sc. of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of this study was to construct physical fitness Norms for men aged 18-60 years of Isfahan. This study was a descriptive normative research and a number of 396 men, (Mean: 39.47±12.44 years; Height: 170.0±6.20 cm; Weight: 71.26±8.54 kg; BMI: 24.65±2.92 kg/m2) aged 18-60 years of Isfahan, randomly selected as subjects. The measurement tools of this study were physical fitness standard tests include; Flexibility sit & Reach, Rockport 1mile walking/Running, curl up, hand grip and push up tests, that have been used for construction of norms. Descriptive statistics and computation of Z scores and point percentages were used to construction of norms. The analysis of research findings reveals that cardiovascular endurance mean (43.8 ml.kg.min), body fat percent (17.79%), Handgrip (36.04 kg), Endurance of shoulder girdle muscles (16.29 push-up), flexibility (29.18 cm) and endurance of abdominal muscles of subjects (22.95 curl-up) were respectively. Compared to available norms in this area and other countries, findings of results revealed that in cardiovascular endurance, endurance of abdominal muscles and handgrip strength, subjects were in weak conditions, also in endurance of shoulder girdle & body fat percent in moderate, but in flexibility of body, they have nearly optimal conditions. In generally, physical fitness status and regular physical activity of subjects were not optimal.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
17
36
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1166_0338deb965770f08da2d96f16e694cf9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.3578.1488
A Systematic Review of Football Studies in Exercise Physiology Challenges and Opportunities
Saleh
Rafiee
Assistance Professor of Motor Behavior, Sport Science Research Institute
author
Sadegh
Amani Shalamzari
Assistance Professor of Exercise Physiology, Kharazmi University
author
Zahra
Alam
Assistance Professor of Sport Management, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch
author
text
article
2018
per
This study has systematically reviewed all studies in exercise physiology in the field of football. For this purpose, by searching articles and theses on base of relevant keywords in databases such as IRANDOC, SID, NOORMAGES, MAGIRAN and SSRC web, All studies that were done in universities, research and executive organizations in the field of football were extracted and were studied by classifying them in different fields of exercise physiology. Then, the information was interpreted by using descriptive statistical methods in the form of tables and graphs. More than 1000 studies in different fields of football have been conducted in Iran till 1396 that 25% (256 title) of is in the field of exercise physiology. Approximately 56% of studies in training science, 23% in the nutrition and biochemistry, 13% in exercise immunology, 6.5% in the cardiovascular system and 1.5% in the nerve and muscle have been conducted. In the years between 85 to 95, there has been a lot of growth in the number of studies on exercise physiology that is, of course, related to increased enroll of student in these years at universities. Universities have the largest share in the production of soccer science. Then research Institute of Physical Education and sport science, Youth and Sports Ministry and IRIB have had financial support for football projects. There are many research opportunities in each of the fields that the researchers can help to progress of football in the country by researching on those issues. There are methodological problems to some researches; For example, it can be noted that the lack of measurement of metabolites when taking supplements, no use of similar anaerobic and aerobic tests and valid FIFAs and inappropriate timing of the measurement of blood parameters. Also, less attention has been paid to circumference, size and limp ratio, physical fitness standard norms, cellular and humoral immunity in different weather conditions and specific football drills during competition season.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
37
60
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1170_e0244e0547cafef9f699d9402062aadd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.4682.1631
A Comparative Study on Content of Scholarly Journals of Exercise Physiology in Iran
Masoumeh
Helalizadeh
Assistant Professor of Sport Physiology, Sport Sciences Research Institute
author
Mahmoodreza
Taghizadeh
Ph.D. Student of Sport Physiology, Shahid Beheshti University
author
Mostafa
Afshari
Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Sport Sciences Research Institutee
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of this study was to compare the content of Iranian scholarly journals in exercise physiology between the years 2009-2016. After searching the scholarly journals, eight journals in exercise physiology were found. After referring to archived published issues of each journal and entering raw quantitative data in encoded forms, descriptive statistics were calculated and frequency tables were created by SPSS software. Then, the content of all journals was analyzed and comparative study was done. A total number of 1045 articles have been published in all those journals. The most articles (263) were published in journal of Sport Sciences Research Institute and the minimum number of articles (56) were published in journal of Birjand University. In terms of review and acceptance speed and the contribution rate of full-professor authors, journal of Jahad Daneshgahi ranked first and journal of Mazandaran University ranked last. The highest percentage of experimental studies (24.30%) were published in journal of Sabzevar University and the highest percentage of disease studies (19.80%) were published in journal of Mazandaran University. In the case of age category variation of subjects in articles, journals of Guilan University and Sabzevar University had the most and lowest diversity, respectively. In terms of research area variety of articles, journals of Mazandaran University and Shahid Beheshti University had the highest balance and journal of Sabzevar University had the least balance. Generally, in order to increase the quality of publications, determining research priorities and making some restrictions on publications by journals are necessary.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
61
80
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1164_448f21d7db8b434edfefc1ec3d74c1a9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.4229.1568
Somatotype, Body Composition, and Physiological Characteristics of Iranian Adolescent and Junior Elite Male Handball Players in Different Playing Position
Amin
Daneshfar
PhD Student of Exercise Physiology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
author
Hamid
Agha-Alinejad
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Reza
Gharakhanlou
Professor of Exercise Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Mahdi
Bayati
Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Sport Sciences Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad Amin
Saei
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
author
Mozhgan
Hassanzade Sabloue
Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
The purpose of the present study was to compare the somatotype, body composition and physiological characteristics of Iranian national adolescent and junior elite male handball players according to their playing positions. Players were categorized as Wings (n=10), Backs (n=11) pivot (n=11), Centers (n=10) and Goalkeepers (n=8). Average age of the players was 17.0±2.3. The anthropometric features (using caliper and anthropometry Meter under ISAK standards) and physiological variables such as aerobic power (1 Mile Run), anaerobic power (Monark Wingate Testing Ergometer) and grip strength (Dynamometer) were evaluated. To compare these variables among the playing positions, one-way ANOAVA was used. The results showed that the wing players were the shortest with average height of 180.0±5.6 which was significantly different than other players (P≤0.05). Aerobic power was significantly different between wing players and pivot, pivot players and Centers, Centers and goalkeepers, goalkeepers and wing players (P≤0.05) (goalkeepers > pivots wings > Centers(. It appears that Iranian national adolescent and junior elite male handball players are in appropriate physical and physiological conditions. Considering the especial activites, physical and physiological requirements of each position, this study is useful for emerging team handball nations in improving as a reference in the detection or identification of players in different positions.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
81
96
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1159_ad43cd3fe96c7414f1ebb097cd5f1a2a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.1159
The Effects of IPC Before and During Training on Some Functional and Hemodynamic Factors in Female Athletes
Mahboobeh
Ghasemi Poor
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Kerman
author
Mohsen
Aminai
Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University
author
Roohollah
Nikooie
Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Shahid Bahonar University
author
Siavash
Jokar
Associate Professor, Kerman University of Medical Sciences
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of this study was to determining the effect of ischemic pre-conditioning )IPC) before and during training on some physiological factors. Thirty female athletes voluntarily selected. Firstly, the subjects were divided on the basis of maximum power output by an incremental test to 3 groups; normoxia (Nor=10), ischemia before (BHIT=10) and during training (DHIT=10). Accordingly, the interval training and IPC were conducted for 7 weeks. Blood sampling, functional tests and legs’ muscles strength were measured in the first and eighth weeks. and to compare the differences between baseline and week 8th the dependent t-test and to determine differences of between groups variables, one-way ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni test were carried out. The results showed that the effect of exercise on variables Pmax, VO2max, time to exhaustion and muscle strength in the legs and BHIT Nor groups improved. Compare Bonferroni test at VO2max values, Pmax, leg muscle strength, lactate and creatine kinase in three groups improved significantly in the group BHIT of the two groups and DHIT Nor was the exception of creatine kinase. It seems 7 weeks of training IPC before exercise would be useful to Improve physical and physiological but, probably the IPC during exercise will not improve the Physiological ability.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
97
110
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1161_f586214d4ad4ed4bb10f66f21b0a005c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.3089.1424
The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on PGC1α and VEGF in Heart Muscle of Male Wistar Rats
Narges
Yazdanian
M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, University of Payam Noor, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Asad
Associate Professor, Exercise Physiology, University of Payam Noor, Iran
author
Mostafa
Rahimi
Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on the gene expression of PGC1α and VEGF in the cardiac muscle tissue of male rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats randomly assigned to four groups including: basic control (CO) (n=6), 8 weeks control without exercise (CO8w) (n=6), HIIT (n=6), and MICT (n=6). After 2 weeks of familiarization on the treadmill, the rats in experimental groups run 5 times a week for 8 weeks. The speed of MICT protocol was 15 to 30 meters per minute, and it`s duration was about 15 to 60 minutes. The speed of HIIT protocol was 28 to 55 meters per minute and total duration was 15 to 23 minutes. Rats were sacrificed 48 hours after last training session, and the amount of gene expression was measured by Real-Time PCR technique. Data were analysis by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test with a P-value of less than 0.05. The results illustrated that 8 weeks of both MICT and HIIT training would lead to significantly increases in PGC1α gene expression in cardiac muscle (P=0.001). However, both of these training methods would not result in significantly increase in VEGF gene expression in cardiac muscle of rats (P=0.186). It seems that both of HIIT and MICT training methods facilities and activated upstream signaling in angiogenesis process (PGC1α) in heart muscle of rats, however, VEGF that is the essential and last component of this adaptation wasn’t significantly increase.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
111
124
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1160_c58afcf3ce4e42a2b1cef88733b428b1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.1160
Endurance Training Can Control Diabetic-Induced Over Expression of Neurotrophin-4/5 mRNA In Sensory Roots of Sciatic Nerve
Rasoul
Eslami
Assistance Professor of Sport Physiology, Allameh Tabataba’i University
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of present study was to investigate effect of six weeks of endurance training on NT-4/5 expression at sensory roots of sciatic nerve in male rats with diabetic neuropathy. To do this, a number of 20 Wistar male rats (eight weeks of age) with average weight of 250±20g were used. Then rats were classified randomly to four 5-rats groups including diabetic exercised group, diabetic control group, healthy exercised group, and healthy control group. Two weeks after inducing the diabetes, endurance exercise protocol was executed moderately (50-55% of VO2max) for five days a week. Speed and time of treadmill exercise was increased gradually. The Quantitative Real time-PCR technique was used to measure the mRNA NT-4/5 expression. In addition, for determining the difference among the groups, the One-way ANOVA were applied. The findings resulted from the research revealed that diabetes significantly increases the expression of NT-4/5 gene at sensory roots of sciatic nerve (P≤0.001). Also 6 weeks of endurance training significantly increases expression of NT-4/5 gene at sensory roots of sciatic nerve of healthy rats (P≤0.05). However, 6 weeks of endurance training has no effect on expression of NT-4/5 gene at sensory roots of sciatic nerve of diabetic neuropathic male rats (P=0.938). However, NT-4/5 expression in diabetic exercised group was significantly lower in comparison with diabetic control group (P≤0.001). Therefore, diabetic neuropathy and endurance training alone can increase the expression of NT-4 gene at sensory roots of sciatic nerve, however, these effects decrease together.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
125
142
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1163_4991b462b280609ec94d19ea37bde842.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.3884.1527
The Effects of High-Intensity Intermittent Aerobic Training on Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet
Sarkawt
Kolahdouzi
Ph.D. Exercise Physiology, University of Mazandaran
author
Elahe
Talebi Garakani
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, University of Mazandaran
author
Gholamreza
Hamidian
Assistant professor of Baisc Science, University of Tabriz
author
Alireza
Safarzade
Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, University of Mazandaran
author
text
article
2018
per
The purpose of this study was to evaluate of high intensity intermittent training on angiogenesis and morphological changes of visceral adipose tissue in high fat fed male wistar rats. Twenty male wistar rats (4-6 weeks age, and body weight: Mean±SE: 176.2±3.73) were homogenously divided into two groups of high fat diet (n: 10) and standard diet regimens (n: 10). After 10 weeks, each group divided into two groups (training and control; n: 5 in each group); the training group completed 10 weeks high-intensity intermittent aerobic training on a motorized treadmill. Mean adipocyte size and angiogenesis of mesenteric fat were analyzed by Stereology and Immunofluorescence methods respectively. The results showed that high fat diet regimen causes elevation in body weight (P<0.001), fat pad weight (P<0.001), mean adipocyte size (P<0.001), plasma glucose (P<0.001), and reduction in angiogenesis (P<0.001) compared to the standard diet regimen. The high intensity intermittent training caused reduction in body weight (P<0.001), fat pad weight (P<0.001), mean adipocyte size (P<0.001), plasma glucose (P=0.01), plasma insulin (P=0.003) and insulin resistance index (P=0.002) compared to the diet regimen alone (P<0.05). Moreover, in the training+high fat diet group angiogenesis increased compared to the high fat regimen control group (P<0.001). The results indicated that high intensity intermittent aerobic training induces reduction in body weight and fat weight by elevation in angiogenesis and reduction in mean adipocyte size during high fat feeding that is accompanied with improvement of blood glucose hemostasis.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
143
162
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1162_e435b5de8836aa43d0df70c7fbf072e7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.3896.1528
Effects of 8 Weeks Aerobic Exercise Training on Plasma Levels of Pentraxin3 and C-Reactive Protein in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Coronary Artery Disease Patients after Revascularization Interventions
Fatemeh
Basati
PhD Student of Sport Physiology, Mohaghegh Ardebili University
author
Marefat
Siahkoohian
Professor of Sport Physiology, Mohaghegh Ardebili University
author
Allahyar
Golabchi
Assistant Professor of Interventional Electrophysiology, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
author
Mehdi
Moshtaghi
Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of this study was to investigate effects of aerobic exercise on plasma pentraxin-3 and C-reactive protein in diabetic and non-diabetic coronary artery disease (CAD) patients after revascularization interventions.59 male with CAD participate in our study and dedicated in intervention group (IG, n=29, weight: 76.58±11.25 Kg, age: 58.65±6.75 years, Diabetic/nondiabetic:14.15) and control group (CG, n= 30, weight: 76.13±14.79 Kg, age: 58.33±7.21, Diabetic/nondiabetic:15.15). Patients in IG performed 8 weeks aerobic exercise at 70 % of maximum heart rate, 3-4 times a week each session 60 min supervised by medical staff, CG has no physical activity program. Blood was drawn before and after 8 weeks to measure plasma levels of pentraxin 3(PTX3) and C-reactive protein (CRP). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare pre-tests, post-tests were analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with control of pre-tests value in P0.05). Aerobic exercise training can decrease plasma levels of PTX3 and CRP in CAD patients, aerobic exercise was more beneficial in non-diabetic than diabetic CAD patients.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
163
180
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1167_0e9cd04fdd95413cb2874815d6e732ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.4161.1562
Effect of 8 Weeks Aerobic Exercise Training with Chlorella Supplementation on Catalase and Superoxide Dismutase in the Heart of Diabetic Male Rats
Roqaieh
Poozesh jadidi
Assistant Professor of Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
author
Alli Reza
Nourazar
Assistant Professor of Veterinary, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with chlorella supplementation on catalase and superoxide dismutase in the heart of diabetic male rats. Fifty Wistar rats (14-12 weeks old) with an average weight of 220 ± 10 g were kept in polycarbonate cages with a temperature of 20-22 ° C, relative humidity of 45 ± 10 ° C, and 12-12 hours of light / dark cycle, with free access to water and foods. After one week of familiarization with laboratory environment, they were randomly divided into 5 groups: (1) exercise, (2) supplementation, (3) exercise + supplementation, (4) diabetic control, and (5) non-diabetic control. The training program lasted for 8 weeks at speeds of 10-21 m/min and lasted 10-50 minutes. Diabetic induction was performed with a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptosucin (STZ) solution dissolved in a 0.1 M citrate buffer and 55 mg/kg body weight. Superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes were measured by ELISA method. Variance analysis (2 × 2) was used for data analysis. All interventions (chlorella, exercise, and exercise plus supplementation) resulted in decreased blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The results of the current study showed that after the intervention period, the amount of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes was significantly lower in all diabetic groups than non-diabetic healthy rats, and all three types of interventions prevented the diabetes-induced reduction in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. However, although there was no difference between the exercise and supplementation groups, the combined group prevented more of the reduction in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in camparison with exercise and supplementation separately. Therefore, it can be concluded that eight weeks of chlorella supplementation, aerobic training, and chlorella supplementation with aerobic training prevent the diabetes-induced reduction in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in the heart tissue of diabetic male rats.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
181
196
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1168_e8d55898c3eaef21bfd7a440cd21b49d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.4516.1605
Effects of Endurance Training and Methanolic Otostegia Persica Extract on Betatrophin Serum Concentrations and Histopathological Changes of Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats
Hamid Reza
Sadeghipour
PhD Student in Exercise Metabolism and Biochemistry, Shiraz University, Instructor in Persian Gulf University
author
Mohsen
Salesi
Associate Professor of Sport Physiology, Shiraz University
author
Maryam
Koushki
Associate Professor of Sport Physiology, Shiraz University
author
Javad
Sajedian Fard
Associate Professor of Physiology, Shiraz University
author
text
article
2018
per
Betatrophin known as new therapeutic target of pancreases tissue in diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training with methanolic Otostegia Persica extract on betatrophin serum concentration and histopathological changes in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats (N=40) divided into 5 groups included healthy control (HC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic endurance training (DET), diabetic Otostegia Persica extract (DOP), and diabetic Otostegia Persica extract with endurance training (DOPET). After induction of diabetes, training groups performed 4 weeks endurance training and Otostegia Persica treatment group received 200mg/kg Otostegia Persica extract. Betatrophin concentration was assessed by ELIZA and pancreases tissue assessed by hematoxylin-eosin. Results showed that betatrophin serum concentrations was significantly increased in DOP (P=0.002) and in DOPET groups (P=0.01). Compared with DC groups, insulin resistance was significantly lower in DOPET (P=0.007). The results showed no significant differences in beta cell function in all groups (P=0.65). The mean of number of β-cell and size of pancreatic islets was significantly higher in DOPET group (P≤0.05). It is can be concluded that Otostegia persica extract was the main effect on serum betatrophin concentration, also endurance training with Otostegia persica extract was the main effect on histopathological changes in diabetic rats.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
197
214
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1165_a946576ed42aecd9f4e54ff83df6a1e2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2017.4618.1619
The Relationship between Physical Activities with Some of Physical and Physiologic Indexes of the Citizens of Khuzestan Province
Abdolhamid
Habibi
Professor of Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Farzad
Maleki
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University, Iran
author
Mohammad
Rami
Assistant Professor of Department of Sport Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Akbar
Ghalavand
M.Sc. in Sport Physiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Hamideh
Jahanbakhsh
M.Sc. in Motor Behavior, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Mostafa
Dehghan
M.Sc. in Sport Physiology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
Elahe
Asare
M.Sc. in Motor Behavior, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
per
This study is aimed at analyzing the relationship between physical activities and some physical and physiological indexes of the above-fifteen-year-old citizens of Khuzestan province. To this aim, 2075 Khuzestani citizens were selected as the participants of the study. The measurement tools in this research were the questionnaire of individual and career characteristics, the Baekce Physical Activity Questionnaire (1982), digital scales, tape meters and a digital barometer. To assess the relationship between physical activity and physiological indexes, we used Pearson correlation test and an independent t-test. The results of the research showed that there was no meaningful relationship between physical activities and physiological indexes such as heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and other physiological indexes (body mass index, Waist hip Ration). However, a meaningful and negative relationship was found between the sports index in physical activities and heartbeat and Waist Hip Ration (WHR). Likewise, a meaningful relationship was observed between systolic blood pressure, heartbeat, WHR, and physical activities. But no meaningful relationship was found between Diastole Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity. The results of an independent t-test showed that the amount of physical activities of male citizens exceeded that of female citizens. The rate of the heartbeat of female citizens was however greater than that of male citizens. The study concludes that doing suitable physical activities and participating in sports programs can decrease heartbeat and WHR.
Sport Physiology
Sport Sciences Research Institute
2322-164X
10
v.
38
no.
2018
215
234
https://spj.ssrc.ac.ir/article_1285_718d2e720a0feed7c1df057e720e0be6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22089/spj.2018.4773.1642