Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Sport Physiology, Gilan-E-Gharb Branch, Islsmic Azad University

2 Ph.D. of Sport Physiology, University of Tehran, Kish International Campus

Abstract

Myocardial infarction is the cell death in part of the myocardial during an ischemia. ANP and BNP values are known as strong markers of myocardial infarction and severity of disease. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of precedent of six weeks high intensity interval training and light intensity interval training on the ANP and BNP gene expression in rats after myocardial infarction. For this purpose, 18 Wistar male rats with 10 weeks old and average weight 250-300gr are placed in two experimental groups, high intensity interval training (85-90% VO2max) and light intensity interval training (55-60% VO2max) and a control group (without any training). Genes expression was investigated with qRT-PCR and data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 with T test and ANOVA (α≤0.05). The findings of present study showed that six weeks high intensity interval training decreased insignificantly BNP and ANP but their reduction was significant during light intensity interval training group than the control group (respectively P=0.067 and P≤0.475). this reduction in light intensity interval training group was significantly more than high intensity interval training group (ANP (P=0.005) and BNP (P=0.001)). In general, six weeks of high intensity interval training and light intensity interval training could reduce cardiac hormones levels compared to control group after myocardial infarction.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Nathalie M. Benda TM. Eijsvogels A P. Dijk M. Hopman TE. Dick H. J. Thijssen. Changes in BNP and cardiac troponinI after high-intensity interval and endurance exercise in heart failure patients and healthy controls. Int J Cardiol.  2015: 1(184): 426–7.
  2. Vicky A. Miriam TC. Rademaker LJ. Ellmers A. Espiner M. Nicholls G.  Richards M. Atrial(ANP) and Brain Natriuretic Peptide(BNP) Expression after Myocardial Infarction in Sheep: ANP Is Synthesized by Fibroblasts Infiltrating the Infarct. endocrinology society . 2000: 12(141):  4690-7.
  3. Dietz John R. Mechanisms of atrial natriuretic peptide secretion from the atrium. Cardiovasc Res.  2005: 1; 68(1): 8-17.
  4. Karciauskaite D. Grybauskiene R. Grybauskas P. Janenaite J. Brain natriuretic peptide and other cardiac markers in predicting left ventricular remodeling in patients with the first myocardial infarction. Medicina(Kaunas). 2004: (40): 949–56.
  5. Nilsson J. Groenning B. Nielsen G. Fritz-Hansen T. Trawinski J. Hildebrandt P et al. Left ventricular remodeling in the first year after acute myocardial infarction and the predictive value of N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide. Am Heart J.  2002: (143): 696–702.
  6. Ahmadizad S. El-Sayed MS. The effects of graded resistance exercise on platelet aggregation and activation. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003: (35): 1026-33.
  7. Suda K.  Hagiwara H. Kotani Y. Kato K. Sasaki M. Izawa T et al. Effect of exercise training on ANP receptors. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol. 2000: (108): 227-35.
  8. Sarullo MF. Gristina T. Brusca I. Milia S. Raimondi R. Sajeva M et al. Effect of physical training on exercise capacity. gas exchange and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2006: (13): 812- 7.
  9. Kanda T. Takahashi T. Interleukin-6 and cardiovascular diseases. Jpn Heart J. 2004: (45): 183-93.
  10. Ostrowski K. Schjerling P. Pedersen PK. Physical activity and plasma interleukin 6 in humans- effect of intensity exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000: (83): 512-5.
  11. Liu J. Irvine S. Reid I. Patel K. Zucker I. Chronic exercise reduces sympathetic nerve activity in rabbits with pacing-induced heart failure: a role for angiotensin II. Circulation. 2000: (102): 1854-62.
  12. Krupicka J. Janota T. Kasalová Z. Hradec J. Chronic stimulation of atrial natriuretic peptide attenuates the secretory response to postural changes. Physiol Res. 2010: 59(4): 625-8.
  13. Sabatine MS. Morrow DA. de Lemos JA. Omland T. Desai MY. Tanasijevic M. Hall C. McCabe CH. Braunwald E. Acute changes in circulating natriuretic peptide levels in relation to myocardial ischemia. J Am Coll Cardiol.  2004: (16); 44(10): 1988-95.
  14. Kaplon B. Opolski G. Kosior D. Janion M. An increase in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration during exercise predicts a successful cardioversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2000: (23): 11. 1876-9.
  15. Thijs M. Eijsvogels H. Arie P. J. Van Dijk. Maria T. E. Hopman Dick H. J. Thijssen. Nathalie M. Benda M. Changes in BNP and cardiac troponin I after high-intensity interval and endurance exercise in heart failure patients and healthy controls. International Journal of Cardiology. 2015: (184): 426–7.
  16. Ravasi AA, Kordi MR, Naghizade S, Kazemi F. [The Effect of a session of endourance and sprint exercises on plasma ANP in Male Athlete Students (Persian)]. Tehran:  Olome zisti varzesh. 2011; 4(14): 125-38.
  17. Khalighfard S, Gaeini A, Nazarali P. [The Effect of Endurance Exercise on Cardiac Stress and Exercise Induced Immune Response in Elite Kayakers(Persian)]. RJMS. 2011; 17(80 and 81): 8-15.
  18. Guazzi M, Vitelli A,   Arena R. The effect of exercise training on plasma NT-pro-BNP levels and its correlation with improved exercise ventilatory efficiency in patients with heart failure. 2012; 2(158): 290–9.
  19. Morten A. Hoydal MA. Wisloff U. Kemi OJ. Ellingsen O. Running speed and maximal oxygen uptake in rats and mice: practical implications for exercise training. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil.  2007; Dec; 14(6): 753-60.
  20. Wisloff U. Helgerud J. Kemi OJ. Ellingsen O. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in rats: VO2 max and cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.  2000; Mar; 280(3): 301-10.
  21. Kraljevic J. Marinovic J. Pravdic D.  Zubin P. Dujic Z. Wisloff‌‌ U. Ljubkovic M. Aerobic interval training attenuates remodelling and mitochondrial dysfunction in the post-infarction failing rat heart. Cardiovasc Res. ‌‌2013: 1; 99(1): 55-64.
  22. Kemi OJ.  Haram PM.  Loennechen JP.  Osnes JB.  Skomedal T.  Wisløff U.  Ellingsen O. Moderate vs high exercise intensity:  Differential effects on aerobic fitness.  cardiomyocyte contractility. and endothelial function. Cardiovasc Res 2005: 67(1): 161-72.
  23. Borer K A. exercise endocrinology. Gaeini AA. Koshki jahromi M. Hamidiniya MR. 2thed. Tehran: samt; 2013. 204-41.
  24. Ma KK. Ogawa T.  De Bold AJ. Selective up regulation of cardiac brain natriuretic peptide at the transcriptional and translational levels by proinflammatory cytokines and by conditioned medium derived from mixed lymphocyte reactions via p38 MAP kinase. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004: (36): 505–13.
  25. Conraads V. Beckers P. Vaes J. Martin M. Van Hoof V. De Maeyer C et al. Combined endurance/resistance training reduces NT-proBNP levels in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2004: (25): 1797-805.