Sport Physiology

Sport Physiology

The Effect of Eight Weeks High Intensity Interval Training on Serum Levels of Telomerase Enzyme and Sirtuin 6 Protein in Aged Men

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Fatemeh Keyvani 1
Mohammad Reza Kordi 2
Zhila maghbooli taghidizaj 3
Fatemeh Shabkhiz 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, University of Tehran
3 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
10.22089/spj.2019.1608
Abstract
One of the major aging mechanism is telomere shortening that affected by factors such as telomerase and SIRT6. Exercise may have effective role in delaying aging and increase telomerase enzyme activity. However, these mechanisms are unknown. In this context, the aim of present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of telomerase enzyme and SIRT6 protein in aged men. For this purpose, twenty aged men with average age of 63±8 years, 71.03±5.78 kg, body mass index 24.49±3.25 kg/m2 and height 170.79±5/92 cm assigned into two control and HIIT groups. Subjects in HIIT group beginning the sprint training program with intensity of 90% reserve heart rate with three sets and three repetitions, and finally reached to five sets and six repetitions, but intensity maintained. Training program perform three time in week for eight weeks. At the end of training period, blood samples collected and experimental factors measured with Elisa method. for data analyze, covariance analysis and dependent t test used. Results of present study represent significant increase in SIRT6 protein and telomerase enzyme in HIIT group than to control group. Therefor respect to downregulation of telomerase activity and SIRT6 protein with aging, exercise training can be effective in compensate this decrease and delaying aging, and effectiveness pathway of exercise training in aged people can be partly related to increase in mentioned factors (telomerase enzyme and SIRT6 protein).
Keywords
High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT)
Telomerase Enzyme
Sirtuin6
Subjects
  1. Arbeev KG, Ukraintseva SV, Yashin AI. Dynamics of biomarkers in relation to aging and mortality. Mech Ageing Dev. 2016;156:42-54.
  2. Njajou OT, Hsueh WC, Blackburn EH, Newman AB, Wu SH, Li R, et al. Association between telomere length, specific causes of death, and years of healthy life in health, aging, and body composition, a population-based cohort study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2009;64(8):860-4.
  3. Hamidi M, Ahmadi NA, Bastami Nejad S. The association between telomeres, telomerase, cancer and aging. sjimu. 2013;21(1):89-96.
  4. Bernardes de Jesus B, Blasco MA. Telomerase at the intersection of cancer and aging. Trends Genet. 2013;29(9):513-20.
  5. Nicholls C, Li H, Wang JQ, Liu JP. Molecular regulation of telomerase activity in aging. Protein Cell. 2011;2(9):726-38.
  6. Bernardes de Jesus B, Blasco MA. Telomerase at the intersection of cancer and aging. Trends Genet. 2013;29(9):513-20.
  7. Deng W, Cheung ST, Tsao SW, Wang XM, Tiwari AF. Telomerase activity and its association with psychological stress, mental disorders, lifestyle factors and interventions: A systematic review. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2016;64:150-63.
  8. Tatsuma T, Goto S, Kitano S, Lin YC, Lee CM, Chen CL. Telomerase activity in peripheral blood for diagnosis of hepatoma. J Gastroenterol.
    Hepatol. 2000;15(9):1064-70.
  9. Bozkus F, Guler S, Sımsek S. Serum telomerase levels and COPD exacerbations. Respiratory Care. 2016;61:359-65.
  10. Lerrer B, Gertler AA, Cohen HY. The complex role of SIRT6 in carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis. 2016;37:108-18.
  11. Kugel S, Mostoslavsky R. Chromatin and beyond: The multitasking roles for SIRT6. Trends Biochem Sci.2014;39(2):72-81.
  12. Liu R, Liu H, Ha Y, Tilton RG, Zhang W. Oxidative stress induces endothelial cell senescence via downregulation of Sirt6. Biomed Res Int. 2014; 2014:902842. doi: 10.1155/2014/902842. Epub 2014 Aug 5.
  13. Kumar R, Mohan N, Upadhyay AD, Singh AP, Sahu V, Dwivedi S, et al. Identification of serum sirtuins as novel noninvasive protein markers for frailty. Aging Cell. 2014;13(6):975-80.
  14. Duan GX, Wang K, Su YH, Tang SY, Jia HL, Chen XM, et al. Effects of Tai Chi on Telomerase Activity and Gerotranscendence in Chinese Community Middle-aged and Elderly Adults. International Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2016; 1-7.
  15. Soares-Miranda L, Imamura F, Siscovick D, Jenny NS, Fitzpatrick AL, Mozaffarian D. Physical activity, physical fitness, and leukocyte telomere length: The cardiovascular health study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2015;47(12):2525-34.
  16. Karvinen S, Silvennoinen M, Vainio P, Sistonen L, Koch LG, Britton SL, et al. Effects of intrinsic aerobic capacity, aging and voluntary running on skeletal muscle sirtuins and heat shock proteins. Exp Gerontol. 2016;79:46-54.
  17. Ludlow AT, Zimmerman JB, Witkowski S, Hearn JW, Hatfield BD, Roth SM. Relationship between physical activity level, telomere length, and telomerase activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40:1764-71.
  18. Hemmatinafar M, Kordi MR, Choopani Z, Choopani S. The effects of the six-week high intensity interval training (HIIT) on acute inflammatory factors (hs-CRP and fibrinogen) in sedentary young men. Olympic. 2014;1:47-57.
  19. Denham J, O'Brien BJ, Charchar FJ. Telomere length maintenance and cardio-metabolic disease prevention through exercise training. Sports Med. 2016;46(9):1213-37.
  20. Schutte NS, Malouff JM. A meta-analytic review of the effects of mindfulness meditation on telomerase activity. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014;42:45-8.
  21. Ho RT, Chan JS, Wang CW, Lau BW, So KF, Yuen LP, et al. A randomized controlled trial of qigong exercise on fatigue symptoms, functioning, and telomerase activity in persons with chronic fatigue or chronic fatigue syndrome. Ann Behav Med. 2012;44(2):160-70.
  22. Krishna BH, Keerthi GS, Kumar CK, Reddy NM. Association of leukocyte telomere length with oxidative stress in yoga practitioners. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015;9(3):1-3.
  23. Kumar SB, Yadav R, Yadav RK, Tolahunase M, Dada R. Telomerase activity and cellular aging might be positively modified by a yoga-based lifestyle intervention. J Altern Complement Med. 2015;21(6):370-2.
  24. Saretzki G. Telomerase, mitochondria and oxidative stress. Exp Gerontol. 2009;44(8):485-92.
  25. Bozkus F. Could serum levels of telomerase be considered as an oxidative stress marker in COPD? TT. 2016;3:1258.
  26. Soares JP, Silva AM, Oliveira MM, Peixoto F, Gaivão I, Mota MP. Effects of combined physical exercise training on DNA damage and repair capacity: Role of oxidative stress changes. Age (Dordr). 2015;37(3):9799.
  27. Bogdanis GC, Stavrinou P, Fatouros IG, Philippou A, Chatzinikolaou A, Draganidis D, et al. Short-term high-intensity interval exercise training attenuates oxidative stress responses and improves antioxidant status in healthy humans. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;61:171-7.
  28. Takahashi M, Miyashita M, Kawanishi N, Park JH, Hayashida H, Kim HS, et al. Low-volume exercise training attenuates oxidative stress and neutrophils activation in older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013;113(5):1117-26.
  29. Cardus A, Uryga AK, Walters G, Erusalimsky JD. SIRT6 protects human endothelial cells from DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, and senescence. Cardiovasc Res. 2016;97(3):571-9.
  30. Corbi G, Conti V, Scapagnini G, Filippelli A, Ferrara N. Role of sirtuins, calorie restriction and physical activity in aging. Front Biosci (Elite Ed).2012;4:768-78.
  31. Liao CY, Kennedy BK. SIRT6, oxidative stress, and aging. Cell Res. 2016;26(2): 143-4.
  32. Koltai E, Szabo Z, Atalay M, Boldogh I, Naito H, Goto S, et al. Exercise alters SIRT1, SIRT6, NAD and NAMPT levels in skeletal muscle of aged rats. Mech Ageing Dev. 2010;131(1):21-8.
  33. Liszt G, Ford E, Kurtev M, Guarente L. Mouse Sir2 homolog SIRT6 is a nuclear ADP-ribosyltransferase. J Biol Chem. 2005;280(22):21313-20.
  34. Chilton WL, Marques FZ, West J, Kannourakis G, Berzins SP, O'Brien BJ, et al. Acute exercise leads to regulation of telomere-associated genes and microRNA expression in immune cells. PLoS One. 2014;9(4):92088.
Sport Physiology
Volume 12, Issue 45
Spring 2020
Spring 2020
Pages 17-30

  • Receive Date 07 October 2016
  • Revise Date 13 December 2016
  • Accept Date 26 December 2016