Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Exercise Physiology, Tehran University, Kish International Campus, Kish, Iran

2 Professor of Exercise Physiology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Exercise Physiology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Tehran University, Kish International Campus, Kish, Iran

Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is cell death in part of the myocardial during an Ischemia. Cell process in response to activity and appropriate intensity is not clear yet. Therefore, this research done to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks high intensity interval training (HIIT) on expression of VEGF, COL-18 and their common receptor (Flt-1) genes. For this purpose, 12 Wistar male rats with 10 weeks old and average weight 250-300 gr that infected to myocardial infarction and they were designed in to two groups of experimental (60 minutes of interval running on treadmills that each interval is 4 minutes with the 85-90 percent of Vo2max and 2 minutes of active rest at 50-60 percent of Vo2max for four days in a week and during a period of 6 weeks) and control group (without any training) . Genes expression was investigated by the PCR technique and data were analyzed by the SPSS 18 with T test (α≤0.05). The findings of present study showed that the amount of VEGF in HIIT (6.397 mg/ml) is significantly much more than the control group (1.002 mg/ml) (P=0.001) and the amount of Flt-1 in HIIT group (8.927 mg/ml) was also significantly much more than control group (1.380 mg/ml) (P≤0.001) . and the amount of COL-18 in HIIT group (1.724 mg/ml) was not significantly more than control group (1.265 mg/ml) (P≤0.340). In general, 6 weeks of HIIT can effective on angiogenesis factors after MI in male Wistar rats.

Keywords

Main Subjects

  1. Nordlie MAWold LEKloner RA. Genetic contributors toward increased risk for ischemic heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2005;39(4):667–79.
  2. Fukuda S, Kaga S, Sasaki H, Zhan L, Zhu L, Otani H, et al. Angiogenic signal triggered by ischemic stress induces myocardial repair in rat during chronic infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004;36:547–59.
  3. Nourshahi M, Taheri Chadorneshin H, Ranjbar K. The stimulus of angiogenesis during exercise and physical activity. J HMS. 2013;5:286-96.
  4. Gavin TP, Stallings HW, Zwetsloot KA, Westerkamp LM, Ryan NA, Moore RA, et al. Lower capillary density but no difference in VEGF expression in obese v.s. lean young skeletal muscle in humans. J Appl Physiol 2005;98(5):315–23.
  5. Prior BM, Yang HT, Terjung RL. What makes vessels grow with exercise training? J Appl Physiol. 2004;97:1119–28.
  6. Bates DO. Vascular endothelial growth factors and vascular permeability. Cardiovasc Res. 2010;87:262–71.
  7. Mooren F, Völker K. Molecular and cellular exercise physiology. Human Kinetics. 2004:451-7.
  8. Heldin CH, Westermark B. Mechanism of action and in vivo role of platelet-derived growth factor. Physiol Rev. 2004;79(4):1283-316.
  9. Van Hinsbergh VWM, Koolwijk P. Endothelial sprouting and angiogenesis matrix metalloproteinases in the lead. Cardiovasc Res. 2008;78;203-12.
  10. Gu JW, Gadonski G, Wang J, Makey I, Adair TH. Exercise increases endostatin in circulation of healthy volunteers. BMC Physiol. 2004;4(2):1-6.
  11. Holloway TM, Bloemberg D, da Silva ML, Simpson JA, Quadrilatero J, Spriet LL. High intensity interval and endurance training have opposing effects on markers of heart failure and cardiac remodeling in hypertensive rats. PLoS One 2015;10(3):    121-38.
  12. Laursen PB, Jenkins DG. The scientific basis for high-intensity interval training opti mizing training programmes and maximizing performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Sports Med. 2002;32:53-73.
  13. Truijens MJToussaint HMDow JLevine BD. Effect of high-intensity hypoxic training on sea-level swimming performances. J Appl Physiol. 2002;94(2):733-43.
  14. Padilla J, Harris RA, Rink LD, WallacePJ. Characterization of the brachial artery shear stress following walking exercise. Vasc Med. 2008;13:105-11.
  15. Burgomaster KA, Howarth KR, Phillips SM, Rakobowchuk M, MacDonald MJ, McGee SL, et al. Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J Physio. 2008;586:   151–60.
  16. Rodas G, Ventura JL, Cadefau JA, Cusso R, Parra J. A short training programme for the rapid improvement of both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000;82:480–6.
  17. Edge J, Bishop D, Hill-Haas S, Dawson B, Goodman C. Comparison of muscle buffer capacity and repeated sprint ability of untrained, endurance-trained and team-sport athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2006;96:225–34.
  18. Kassia S Weston, Ulrik Wisløff, Jeff S Coombes. High-intensity interval training in patients with lifestyle-induced cardiometabolic disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2014;48:1227–34.
  19. Hamzeh Zadeh Brojeni A, Nazar Ali P, Naghibi S. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on aerobic and anaerobic some indicators of iranian women's national teams of basketball players. Sport Bio. 2012; 5(4):35-48. (In Persian).
  20. Martin J,‌‌ Gibala MG, McGee‌‌ SL. Metabolic adaptations to short-term high-intensity interval training: A little pain for a lot of gain? Exerce Sport Sci. 2008;36(2):58-63.
  21. Buchan DSOllis SYoung JDThomas NECooper SMTong TK, et al. The effects of time and intensity of exercise on novel and established markers of CVD in adolescent youth. Am J Hum Biol. 2011 Jul-Aug;23(4):517-26.
  22. O'Donovan GOwen ABird SRKearney EMNevill AMJones DW, et al. Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary heart disease risk factors following 24 weeks of moderate- or high-intensity exercise of equal energy cost. J Appl Physiol. 2005;98:1619–25.
  23. Nazari M‌‌, Kordi MR‌‌, Choobineh S. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on Gelatinase-A (MMP-2) serum levels and muscle damage indices in young sedentary. J AMS. 2015;18(94):78-86. (In Persian).
  24. Danzig V, Mikova B, Kuchynka P, Benakova H, Zima T, Kittnar O, et al. Levels of circulating biomarkers at rest and after exercise in coronary artery disease patients. Physiol Res. 2010;59(3):385-92.
  25. Kraljevic J, Marinovic J, Pravdic D, Zubin P, Dujic Z, Wisloff U, Ljubkovic M. Aerobic interval training attenuates remodelling and mitochondrial dysfunction in the post-infarction failing rat heart. Cardiovasc Res. 2013;99(1):55-64.
  26. Morten A, Hoydal MAWisloff UKemi OJEllingsen O. Running speed and maximal oxygen uptake in rats and mice: practical implications for exercise training. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007;14(6):753-60.
  27. Wisloff UHelgerud JKemi OJEllingsen O. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in rats: VO2 max and cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000;280(3):301-10.
  28. Kemi OJ, Haram PM, Loennechen JP, Osnes JB, Skomedal T, Wisløff U, et al. Moderate vs. high exercise intensity: Differential effects on aerobic fitness, cardiomyocyte contractility, and endothelial function. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;67(1):161-72.
  29. Milkiewicz MBrown MDEgginton SHudlicka O. Association between shear stress, angiogenesis, and VEGF in skeletal muscles in Vivo. Microcirculation. 2001;8:229–41.
  30. Koos BJ, Adenosine A. A receptors and O (2) sensing in development. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2011;30(1):601-22.
  31. Hudlicka O, Brown MD. Adaptation of skeletal muscle microvasculature to increased or decreased blood flow role of shear stress nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor. J Vasc Res. 2009;46:504–12.
  32. Ribatti D, Crivellato E. Mast cells, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012;1822(1):2-8.
  33. Folkman J. Fundamental concepts of the angiogenic process. Curr Mol Med. 2003;3(7):643-51.