Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Abstract
Obesity disrupts the expression and secretion of adipokines which also leads to disruption of various biological functions in the body, and causes secondary diseases, including type 2 diabetes. The discovery of the leptin (one of the most important adipokines) has aroused great interest in the treatment of obesity, because this hormone is known as an appetite control hormone and has a role in regulating of food intake, energy consumption and energy balance of the whole body. Plasma leptin levels have positive correlation with body fat and respond to changes in energy balance. Leptin by flowing through the blood-brain barrier of the hypothalamus, reduces the secretion of appetite-stimulating hormones and increases appetite-suppressing hormones. Therefore, controlling leptin signals in hypothalamus can provide a remedy to obesity and obesity-induced metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes. Exercise is one of the most important controller of leptin secretion; hence this systematic review has striven to examine the effect of exercise on appetite hormones in obesity and diabetes with emphasis on the role of leptin in adipose tissue and hypothalamus cross talk. To this end, Google Scholar, PumMed, Scopus, SID, Noor and Mgiran databases were searched and published studies between 2000 and July 30, 2021 were analyzed. Seemingly, it was concluded that exercise increases leptin levels and stimulates the expression of appetite suppressor genes but inhibits the expression of appetite-stimulating genes;
Keywords
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