Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 1. Department of exercise physiology, Faculty of sport sciences, Shahrood university of technology, Semnan, Iran
2 Department of sport sciences, Faculty of human sciences, Damghan University, Semnan, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Stevia and vanadium have been shown to affect blood sugar regulation. Accordingly, the simultaneous study of endurance activity and consumption of vanadium and stevia extract on the liver tissue of diabetic rats was considered.
Materials and Methods: The 35 male rats (180±10 g) (6-8 weeks) were randomly divided into 7 groups: control, diabetic, diabetic+exercise, diabetic+vanadium, diabetic+exercise+vanadium, diabetic+stevia and diabetic+ exercise+stevia. To induce type1 diabetes, streptozotocin (55mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally, and vanadium extract (1mg/ml) was dissolved in water daily. The training program consisted of eight weeks of running, five days a week, starting at 15 minutes at 20 meters/minute and ending at 35 minutes at 30 meters/minute in the final week. Histopathological changes in liver tissue were examined using a light microscope. In order to normalize the parametric data, Shapiro-Wilk test and for their analysis, one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test, and for non-parametric data, Kruskal-Wallis test (p≤0.05) was used.
Results: Body weight values in all six experimental groups compared to the healthy control group (p=0.001), in the vanadium group compared to the vanadium+exercise (p=0.01), and in stevia+exercise group compared to stevia (p=0.04), decreased significantly. Cell, central and lobular vein destruction, and sinusoidal space were ameliorated by exercise intervention, vanadium and stevia (alone as well as concomitantly), but only vanadium+exercise was effective in inflammation and hyperemia (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Eight weeks of endurance exercise, stevia and vanadium intake appear to be effective in regulating body weight as well as improving the liver damage caused by diabetes.
Keywords
- Amini A, Parto P, Yousufvand N. The effect of oral co-administration of zinc sulfate and vanadium on the level of blood sugar in streptozosin induced diabetic rats. Journal of Fasa University of Medical Sciences. 2016;5(4):571-7. (In Persian).
- Emen-shahidi M and Hosein-zadeh H. Induction of diabetes in animal models. Journal of diabetic and Lipid of Iran. 2001;2(1):1-10.
- Davoodi SH, Vahidian-Rezazadeh M, Fanaei H. The effect of endurance and resistance exercises and consumption of hydro-alcoholic extract of nettle on the changes in weight and plasma levels of nesfatin-1 in type 1 diabetic rats. Feyz. 2018;22(4):362-9. (In Persian).
- Rami M, Fathi M, Rahmati M, Tabandeh M.R. Effect of 6 weeks endurance exercise on hippocampal pannexin-1 and NLRP-1 protein levels in experimental diabetic male Wistar rats. J Shahid Sadoughi Uni Med Sci. 2020;28(2):2384-98.
- Hamidi-parchikalaei O, Hashemvarzi A, Poorghasem M. The effect of six weeks of increasing aerobic exercise with vitamin D3 on the level of nerve growth factor in the hippocampus of STZ-diabetic rats. Journal of Applied Sports Physiology. 2017;14(28):191-200. (In Persian).
- Coskun O, Ocakci A, Bayraktaroglu T, Kanter M. Exercise training prevents and protects streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and β-cell damage in rat pancreas. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2004;20(3):145-54.
- Akbarzadeh A, Barghahi S, Rahbar AR, Daneshi A, Najafpour S, et al. The effects of aqueous extract of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana) on serum concentration of vaspin and Angiopoietin-like Protein-3 in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. ISMJ 2015;18(2):239-49. http://ismj.bpums.ac.ir (In Persian).
- Najafi F, Goodarzi N, Zangeneh MM, Zangeneh A, Hagh-nazari L. Antidiabtic and hepatoprotective effects of bitter fraction of stevia rebaudiana alcoholic extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic male mice. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci. 2017;16(6):493-504. (In Persian).
- Ahmad U, Ahmad R S. Anti-Diabetic Property of Aqueous extract of stevia rebaudiana bertoni leaves in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Albino rats. BMC Complement Aitem Med. 2018;18(1):179.
- Hosseini P, Abdi H, Ziaolhagh J. The effect of Stevia extract and endurance training on liver enzymes in obese male Wistar rats. Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. 2020;63(3):2484-92. (In Persian).
- Eshtiaghi R, Omrani Gh, Dehghani GH. Evaluation of metabolic effects of vanadil sulfate on type 2 diabetic patients. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2000;2(4):215-9. (In Persian).
- Davoodi H, Nikeghbalian S, Ajami M, Mohseni A, Sadr Sh, et al. Effect of vanadium on acute gastric mucosal ulcers induced by indomethacin and ethanol. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology. 2013;7(5):229-35. (In Persian).
- Mohammadi M, Mesbah F, Dahghani GA. Vanadyl sulphate and its regenerative and trophic effects on beta cells of pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic mellitus rats. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2007;9(2):133-216. (In Persian).
- Huang M, Wu Y, Wang N, Wang Z, Yang X, Zhao P. Is the hypoglycemic action of vanadium compounds related to the suppression of feeding? Biological Trace Element Research. 2014;15(3):242-8.
- Bolkent S, Yanardag R, Tunali S. Protective effect of vanadyl sulfate on the pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2005;70(5):103-9.
- Monazzami AA, Rajabi H, Gharakhanlou R, Javan M, Nourozian M, et al. The effect of endurance training on sodium-hydrogen exchange protein content and sodium bicarbonate cotransporter in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic rats. Iranian Journal of Lipid and Diabetes. 2010;10(3):251-62. (In Persian).
- Parvaneh T, Jalal R, Darvishalipour S, Sepehri H, Adeli K. Level of the brain igf-i protein expression in the insulin resistant animal model. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2020;12(1):71-82. (In Persian).
- Kazemi F. The effect of endurance training on some metabolic parameters of type 2 diabetic rats induced by nicotine amide and streptozotocin. Sports Life Sciences. 2016;9(4):457-71. (In Persian).
- Yuen VG, Orvig C, Mcneill JH. Effects of bis (matolato) oxovanadium(iv) are distinct from food restriction in STZ-diabetic rats. Am J Physiol 1997; 272:30-5.
- Ziaolhagh SJ, Khojasteh L, Ziaolhagh SS, Yahyaei B. The effect of boldenone anabolic steroid, and endurance and resistance training on liver damage markers in rats. Feyz. 2018;22(2):143-52. (In Persian).
)