Neuroprotective Effect of the Combination of Aerobic Exercise and Adenosine on the A2A Receptor Gene Expression and Complications of Cerebral Stroke in the Hippocampus of adult Male Rat

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
saeed ramezani 1
mahtab moazami 2
Nahid Bijeh 3
amir rashid lamir 4
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.Mashhad. Iran
2 Associate Professorof Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Professor of Department of Sports Physiology, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 professor of department of exercise physiology. faculty of sport sciences. ferdowsi university of mashhad. mashhhad. iran
10.22089/spj.2023.15507.2277
Abstract
Objectives: Stroke is a neurological disorder and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Recently, studies on neuroprotective treatments for stroke have become a hot topic globally. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of a combination of aerobic exercise and adenosine on the expression of the A2a gene and the consequences of stroke injury in the hippocampus of male rats. Materials and Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats (8-10 weeks old, weighing 240-270 grams) were randomly divided into five groups: (sham, control+ischemia, ischemia+exercise, ischemia+adenosine, and ischemia+adenosine+exercise). After inducing ischemia, rats in exercise groups performed treadmill running 5 days per week for 8 week. Adenosine simultaneously once per day to Adenosine-treated groups were injected. 48 hours after completing the exercise protocol, hippocampal tissue was collected for cell death, and measuring of the A2a expression using the RT- PCR method. The data were analyzed using Anova and post hoc Bonferroni’s test. Results: The number of dead cells increased in the ischemia group compared to the sham and decreased in the ischemia+adenosine+Exercise and ischemia+exercise groups compared to the ischemia group. The A2a expression in group ischemia+adenosine+exercise, ischemia+exercise, and ischemia+adenosine showed respectively the highest increase, with a significant difference compared to the sham (P<0/001) and control+ischemia (P<0/001) groups. Conclusion: aerobic exercise and adenosine, both independently and interactively, can serve as a neuroprotective combination by increasing the expression of the A2a and stimulating the signaling and mechanisms related to the reduction of cell death, providing therapeutic and protective effects against ischemic stroke-induced consequences.
Keywords
Neuroprotective
Adenosine
A2a Receptor
Cerebral Stroke
Aerobic Exercise
Hippocampus

Main Subjects

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Sport Physiology
Volume 15, Issue 58
July 2023
Pages 125-148

  • Receive Date 03 September 2023
  • Revise Date 07 October 2023
  • Accept Date 02 December 2023