The effect of different exercise intensities in hypoxia and normoxia conditions on liver fat content, blood cells, and endurance performance of male rats under high-fat diet

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Seyed Morteza Hosseini 1
Hamid Mohebbi 2
1 PhD of Exercise Physiology Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 University of Guilan
10.22089/spj.2024.16535.2303
Abstract
Objective:: This study investigated the effect of different exercise intensities in hypoxia and normoxia on liver fat content and endurance performance of rats. Methods & Materials: 48 male Wistar rats (5 weeks) were randomly divided into groups of normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet and moderate-intensity training (HFD-MICT), high-fat diet and hypoxia moderate-intensity training. (HFD-HMICT), high-fat diet and high-intensity interval training (HFD-HIIT), high-fat diet and hypoxia high-intensity interval training (HFD-HHIIT). After determining the maximum aerobic velocity, the exercises were performed for 12 weeks and three sessions per week in normoxia (altitude ̴of 50 m) and hypoxia-hypobaric (altitude ̴ 3000 m). Results: The results showed that weight, liver fat content, and leukocyte number were higher in the HFD group, and endurance performance was lower than in all groups (p<0.05). The lowest rate of weight gain and fat content and the highest endurance performance were in the high-intensity interval training groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between HFD-HHIIT and HFD-HIIT groups. Endurance performance in MICT groups was lower than in HIIT groups. The increase in aerobic performance under hypoxic conditions was independent of RBC and HGB changes. Conclusions: MICT in hypoxia did not bring additional benefits in reducing liver fat content compared to normoxia. The increase in endurance performance in the HFD-HHIIT group is independent of changes in blood factors related to oxygen transport capacity; probably, the intervention of this research does not induce sufficient stimulation for blood changes due to short-term exposure to hypoxia.
Keywords
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Hypoxia
Exercise
Diet
High-Fat
Blood Cells

Main Subjects

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Sport Physiology
Volume 16, Issue 61
April 2024
Pages 65-86

  • Receive Date 04 April 2024
  • Revise Date 29 July 2024
  • Accept Date 14 August 2024