Sport Physiology

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Article Processing Charges (APC)

Indexing and Abstracting

Related Links

FAQ

Reviewers

Terms and conditions for manuscript submission

Submission Instruction

Forms

Peer Review Process

Comparison of Metabolic Some Hormones Response to Resistance Training with Different Intensity with and without Blood Flow Restriction in Active Girls

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan

2 Associate Professor of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan

3 Professor of Sport Physiology, University of Isfahan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare metabolic hormone responses to resistance exercise with alternative levels and with and without blood flow restriction in active girls. The research methodology was semi-experimental with cross design, 11student from the university of Esfahan (19 years old) were chosen and were posited in 3 different exercise conditions: low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction, the same condition without blood flow restriction and high intensity resistance training without blood flow restriction, all of the training was conducted within a week interval. Practice sessions include flexion and extension for arm and knee in 3 periods with 15 repetitions. In blood flow restriction group, while training, the proximal of the intended organ with tourniquet (100-120 mmhg) was closing. The blood sample, before and immediately after extreme training was collected in order to determining the growth hormone density, Insulin-like growth factor, Testosterone, Cortisol and lactate. The repeated measure analyze of variance was used to analyze data. According to results the growth hormone and lactate in all three training conditions had a significant increase in comparison to pre-test (P<0.001). But the significant difference in the levels of testosterone (P=0.307) and the insulin-like growth factor (P=0.831) was not observed. Also, cortisol hormone had a significant decrease in comparison to pre-test (P<0.001). It seems that resistance training with blood flow restriction in low intensity have a similar effects on growth hormone responses and factors like lactate like that of resistance training with high intensity and the ones without blood flow restrictions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References
  1. Khosravi N, Humanian D, Eskandari M. The effect of maximum physical activity and sex on growth hormone secretion in boys and girls active. J Motor Learning. 2009;1(3):51-63. (In Persian).
  2. Wilmore JH, Castile DL, Larry Kenney W. Physiology of sport and exercise. Moeini Z, Rahmani-Nia F, Rajabi H, Agha Ali-Nejad H, Salami F. Fourth Edition. Tehran. Mobtakeran; 2010. P. 84-103.
  3. Smilios IL, Pilianidis T, Karamouzis M, Tokmakidis SP. Hormonal responses after various resistance exercise protocols. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2003;35(4):644-54.
  4. Goto KA, Ishii NA, Kizuka TO, Takamatsu KA. The impact of metabolic stress on hormonal responses and muscular 1adaptations. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2005;37(6):955-63.
  5. Reeves GV, Kraemer RR, Hollander DB, Clavier J, Thomas C, Francois M, et al. Comparison of hormone responses following light resistance exercise with partial vascular occlusion and moderately difficult resistance exercise without occlusion. J Appl Physiol. 2006;101(6):1616-22.
  6. Mohammadian S, Bazr afshan H, Sadeghi nejad A. Growth hormone therapy. J Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2003;5(2):101-14. (In Persian).
  7. Guyton, HE. Physiology medical of textbook Hall and Guyton. Nahavandi A, Bitaraf B, Bitaraf M, Tarashandegan D, Kaveh M, Ghavami Y, Nasir, Ozar A. Twelfth Edition. Tehran. Nashr Ashraghei; 2011. P.418-591.
  8. Kon M, Ikeda T, Homma T, Suzuki Y. Effects of low-intensity resistance exercise under acute systemic hypoxia on hormonal responses. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(3):611-7.
  9. Takarada Y, Nakamura Y, Aruga S, Onda T, Miyazaki S, Ishii N. Rapid increase in plasma growth hormone after low-intensity resistance exercise with vascular occlusion. J Appl Physiol. 2000;88(1):61-5.
  10. Ishii N, Madarame H, Odagiri K, Naganuma M, Shinoda K. Circuit training without external load induces hypertrophy in lower-limb muscles when combined with moderate venous occlusion. Int J Kaatsu Training Res. 2005;1(1):24-8.
  11. Mohamadi S, Khoshdel A, Naserkhani F, Mehdizadeh R. The effect of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on serum cortisol and testosterone levels in young men. J Arch Mil Med. 2015;3(3): 1-7.
  12. Takano H, Morita T, Iida H, Kato M, Uno K, Hirose K, et al. Effects of low-intensity "KAATSU" resistance exercise on hemodynamic and growth hormone responses. Int J Kaatsu Training Res. 2005;1(1):13-8.
  13. Ohta H, Kurosawa H, Ikeda H, Iwase Y, Satou N, Nakamura S. Low-load resistance muscular training with moderate restriction of blood flow after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Acta Orthop Scand. 2003;74(1):62-8.
  14. Pullinen TE, Mero AN, Huttunen P, Pakarinen A, Komi PV. Resistance exercise-induced hormonal responses in men, women, and pubescent boys. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(5):806-13.
  15. Takano H, Morita T, Iida H, Asada KI, Kato M, Uno K, et al. Hemodynamic and hormonal responses to a short-term low-intensity resistance exercise with the reduction of muscle blood flow. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2005;95(1):65-73.
  16. Sato Y. The history and future of KAATSU training. Int J Kaatsu Training Res. 2005;1(1):1-5.
  17. Moore DR, Burgomaster KA, Schofield LM, Gibala MJ, Sale DG, Phillips SM. Neuromuscular adaptations in human muscle following low intensity resistance training with vascular occlusion. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004;92(4-5):399-406.
  18. Loenneke JP, Pujol TJ. The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength Cond J. 2009;31(3):77-84.
  19. Suga T, Okita K, Morita N, Yokota T, Hirabayashi K, Horiuchi M, et al. Omokawa M, Kinugawa S, Tsutsui H. Intramuscular metabolism during low-intensity resistance exercise with blood flow restriction. J Appl Physiol. 2009;106(4):1119-24.
  20. Abe T, Yasuda T, Midorikawa T, Sato Y, Kearns CF, Inoue K, et al. Skeletal muscle size and circulating IGF-1 are increased after two weeks of twice daily "KAATSU" resistance training. Int J Kaatsu Training Res. 2005;1(1):6-12.
  21. Yasuda T, Abe T, Brechue WF, Iida H, Takano H, Meguro K, et al. Venous blood gas and metabolite response to low-intensity muscle contractions with external limb compression. Metabolism. 2010;59(10):1510-9.
  22. Loenneke JP, Wilson JM, Wilson GJ, Pujol TJ, Bemben MG. Potential safety issues with blood flow restriction training. Scand J Med Sci Spor. 2011;21(4):510-8.
  23. Nakajima T, Kurano M, Iida H, Takano H, Oonuma H, Morita T, Meguro K, Sato Y, Nagata T. Use and safety of KAATSU training: results of a national survey. Int J Kaatsu Training Res. 2006;2(1):5-13.
  24. Jiménez AD, de Paz JA. Application of the 1rm estimation formulas from the rm in bench press in a group of physically active middle-aged women. J of Hum Sport Exe. 2008;3(1):10-22.
  25. Scott BR, Loenneke JP, Slattery KM, Dascombe BJ. Exercise with blood flow restriction: an updated evidence-based approach for enhanced muscular development. Sports Med. 2015;45(3):313-25.
  26. Josephs RA, Newman ML, Brown RP, Beer JM. Status, testosterone, and human intellectual performance stereotype threat as status concern. Psycholo Sci. 2003;14(2):158-63.
  27. Hosseini Kakhk. A.R, Ildarabadi. A, Haghighi A.H, Sharifan. Z. The effect of single bout of resistance exercise with and without vascular occlusion on lactate deydrogenase, creatine kinase in young girls. Sport Physiology. 2016; 8(30): 51-64. (In Persian).
  28. Hoffman JR, Im JO, Rundell KW, Kang J, Nioka SH, Speiring BA, et al. Effect of muscle oxygenation during resistance exercise on anabolic hormone response. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(11):1929-34.
  29. Patterson SD, Leggate M, Nimmo MA, Ferguson RA. Circulating hormone and cytokine response to low-load resistance training with blood flow restriction in older men. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013;113(3):713-9.
  30. Manini TM, Yarrow JF, Buford TW, Clark BC, Conover CF, Borst SE. Growth hormone responses to acute resistance exercise with vascular restriction in young and old men. Growth Horm IGF Res. 2012;22(5):167-72.
  31. Madarame H, Sasaki K, Ishii N. Endocrine responses to upper-and lower-limb resistance exercises with blood flow restriction. Acta Physiol Hung. 2010;97(2):192-200.
  32. Maestripieri D, M. Baran N, Sapienza P, Zingales L. Between-and within-sex variation in hormonal responses to psychological stress in a large sample of college students. Stress. 2010;13(5):413-24.
  33. Kraemer WJ, Ratamess NA. Hormonal responses and adaptations to resistance exercise and training. Sports Med. 2005;35(4):339-61.
  34. Deuster PA, Petrides JS, Singh A, Lucci EB, Chrousos GP, Gold PW. High intensity exercise promotes escape of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol from suppression by dexamethasone: Sexually dimorphic responses 1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(9):3332-8.
  35. Raastad T, Bjøro T, Hallen J. Hormonal responses to high-and moderate-intensity strength exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000;82(1-2):121-8.
  36. Kurina LM, Weiss LA, Graves SW, Parry R, Williams GH, Abney M, et al. Sex differences in the genetic basis of morning serum cortisol levels: genome-wide screen identifies two novel loci specific to women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(8):4747-52.
Sport Physiology
Volume 10, Issue 37
Spring 2018
April 2018
Pages 185-202
Files
History
  • Receive Date: 29 November 2016
  • Revise Date: 19 February 2017
  • Accept Date: 26 February 2017
Share
How to cite
Statistics