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تأثیر فعالیت و تمرین ورزشی بر عملکرد و فعالیت پلاکت: مقالة مروری

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشجوی دکترای فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 محقق فوق‌دکترای فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

پلاکت‌ها نقش مهمی در تشکیل لختة سفید هموستازی دارند و نقش اصلیرا در فرایند بندآمدن خون ایفا می­کنند. همچنین، پیشنهاد شده است که پلاکت‌ها برای بسیاری از واکنش‌های مسیر داخلی انعقاد، مهم هستند. شواهد اخیر، نقش حیاتی عملکرد غیرطبیعی پلاکت را در بیماری‌های حاد سرخرگ قلبی، انفارکتوس میوکارد، آنژین صدری و سکته تأیید می­کنند. درصورتی‌که شدت فعالیت بالا باشد، فعالیت ورزشی حاد ممکن است برای افراد غیرفعال و به‌ویژه بیماران مضر باشد. یکی از مکانیسم‌های اصلی چنین شرایطی، تولید ترومبوز ناشی از فعالیت ورزشی است. ازطرف‌دیگر، فعالیت منظم یا تمرین ورزشی فواید برای سلامتی و بهبود شیوة زندگی را نه‌تنها در افراد سالم، بلکه در افراد بیمار نیز به‌همراه دارد؛ باوجوداین، به‌دلیل‌اینکه روش‌های اندازه‌گیری پلاکت‌ها متنوع هستند و با مشکلات فراوان روش‌شناسی دارند، مطالعة تأثیر تمرین ورزشی بر پلاکت‌های خون همیشه بحث‌برانگیز بوده است. مطالعات اندکی درزمینة تأثیر تمرین ورزشی بر پلاکت‌های خون انجام شده‌اند و اثرهای تمرین ورزشی بر فعالیت و عملکرد پلاکت‌ها هنوز شناخته نشده‌اند. همین کمبود اطلاعات است که انجام مطالعات بعدی درزمینة تعیین تأثیر تمرین ورزشی بر تجمع و فعالیت پلاکت در سلامت و بیماری، اهمیت دارد. این مقاله یافته‌های پژوهش‌های قبلی را که اثرهای تعامل بین فعالیت حاد ورزشی و تمرین با پلاکت‌ها را بررسی کرده‌اند، مرور و نتیجه‌گیری می‌کند و درنهایت، مسیرهای پژوهش‌های آینده را نشان می‌دهد.

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موضوعات

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فیزیولوژی ورزشی
دوره 11، شماره 43
پاییز 1398
مهر 1398
صفحه 17-38
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  • تاریخ دریافت: 17 تیر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 آبان 1396
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 28 آذر 1396
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