نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، پژوهشگاه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی

چکیده

در مداخلات کنترل وزن با خنثی‌شدن هزینة انرژی ورزش توسط افزایش اشتها، کاهش وزن کمتر از حد انتظار است؛ بنابراین، در این پژوهش، پاسخ حاد و سازگاری مزمن شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک و انتزاعی اشتها و وزن بدن را به فعالیت هوازی در زنان چاق میان‌سال و سالمند بررسی کردیم. در ابتدا و پس از هشت ‌هفته تمرین ‌هوازی(سه‌ جلسه دویدن در هفته برای صرف 500 کالری با 50 درصد ضربان قلب لحظة واماندگی در GXT) وزن، اشتها، گلوکز، انسولین و گرلین پلاسمایی 26 زن میان‌سال و سالمند چاق غیرفعال (وزن: 9/36 ± 58/92 کیلوگرم، سن: 3/7 ± 19/56 سال، حداکثر اکسیژن مصرفی: 78/3 ± 07/32 لیتر در دقیقه) در دو گروه تجربی و کنترل، قبل و پس از صرف صبحانه و یک ‌جلسه فعالیت هوازی، اندازه‫گیری (چهار سنجش) شدند. از آزمون‌های تی ‌مستقل، تی‌ همبسته و تحلیل ‌واریانس اندازه‌گیری‫ مکرر برای تحلیل داده‌ها استفاده شد.با اینکه تمرین هوازی وزن گروه تجربی را کاهش داد(001.0 =P )؛ ولی وزن هر دو گروه دربین سنجش‌های اول با دوم و سوم با چهارم به‌دنبال صبحانه و یک جلسه ورزش افزایش یافت  (P < 0.05). قبل از دورة تمرین، گرلین گروه تجربی پس از صبحانه و فعالیت حاد افزایش یافت (P = 0.023) و در گروه ‌کنترل (فقط صبحانه) کاهش یافت (P = 0.001). همچنین در هر دو گروه تجربی و کنترل، انسولین (P = 0.001) و گلوکز خون (P = 0.003) افزایش یافتند؛ درحالی‌که احساس گرسنگی   (P = 0.001) کاهش یافت. پس از دورة تمرین، بهرة سیری صبحانه فقط در گروه تجربی افزایش معناداری یافت (P = 0.018). پاسخ حاد گلوکز افزایش یافت (P < 0.05) و پاسخ حاد گرلین، انسولین و احساس گرسنگی در گروه تجربی کاهش یافت (P < 0.05)؛ اما در گروه کنترل، پاسخ حاد گلوکز و انسولین افزایش یافتند (P < 0.05)؛ اما گرلین و گرسنگی کاهش (P < 0.05) یافتند. افزایش گرسنگی ناشتایی ناشی از تمرین سبب دست‌نیافتن به کاهش وزن موردانتظار از تمرین می‌شود که پیشنهاد می‌شود حداقل در صبحانه، غذاهای کم‌کالری‌تر مصرف شود. همچنین، با توجه به اثر یک جلسه ورزش در افزایش بهرة سیری غذا، پیشنهاد می‌شود که صبحانه به بعد از جلسة ورزش موکول شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

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