هنجاریابی آزمون آمادگی جسمانی استاندارد کانادایی (CSTF) در دانش‌آموزان با کم‌توان ذهنی مقاطع متوسطۀ اول و متوسطة دوم استان همدان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزشی، پژوهشگاه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار رفتار حرکتی، پژوهشگاه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

5 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، پژوهشگاه تربیت‌بدنی و علوم ورزشی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، نورم‌سنجی آمادگی جسمانی دانش‌آموزان کم‌توان ذهنی توسط آزمون آمادگی جسمانی استاندارد کانادایی (CSTF) بود؛ براین‌اساس، 314 دانش‌آموز (115 دختر و 199 پسر) کم‌توان ذهنی آموزش‌پذیر (دامنۀ بهرۀ هوشی: 70-50، سن: 55/2 ± 53/18 سال)، ازطریق مدارس استثنایی استان همدان انتخاب شدند. نخست، قد، وزن، و نمایۀ تودۀ بدنی دانش‌آموزان سنجیده شدند. سپس، آزمون‌های میدانی انعطاف‌پذیری، استقامت و قدرت ماهیچه‌ای و اکسیژن مصرفی بیشینه (VO2max)، توسط مجموعة آزمون CSTF برآورد شدند. آمار توصیفی، آزمون آنوای یک‌سویه و صدک‌های 20، 40، 60 و 80، برای آنالیز داده‌ها و تدوین هنجارهای آن استفاده شدند.نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معناداری بین دختران و پسران در هریک از متغیرهای استقامت عضلانی، قدرت ماهیچه‌ای و اکسیژن مصرفی بیشینه وجود داشت (0.05 >P)؛ اما انعطاف‌پذیری تفاوت معنا‌داری را نشان نداد (0.05P >). میانگین و انحراف استاندارد آزمون انعطاف‌پذیری 89/9 ± 85/19 (سانتی‌متر)، شنای سوئدی 48/8 ± 89/11 (عدد)، درازونشست 54/9 ± 26/19 (عدد در دقیقه)، قدرت پنجه 64/5 ± 74/14 (کیلوگرم) و ظرفیت هوازی 97/5 ± 51/60 (میلی‌لیتر بر کیلوگرم در دقیقه) بود. داده‌های پژوهش حاضر می‌توانند برای نمره‌دهی و درجه‌بندی دانش‌آموزان دختر و پسر کم‌توان ذهنی استان همدان به‌کار روند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

مراجع

  1. Samavati Sharif M, Afshari A, Siavoshy H, Keshvary M. The effect of two exercises training on some of immune system markers in adolescent athletes. Journal of Practical Studies of Biosciences in Sport (JPSBS). 2016;4(8):55-65. (Persian(
  2. Afshari A, Samavati Sharif MA, Siavoshy H. Comparison of Speed and Strength Training to Maintain Hematological Factors and Vo2max of Male Athletes 13 to 15 Years. JsportPec. 2015;12(23):53-64. (Persian(
  3. Kajbaf MB, Mansuri M, Ejehei J, Dadsetan P. Investigating of diagnosis of "intellectual disability" based on Piaget's tests and Lambert's adaptive behavioral scale. J Psychol. 2000;3(4):341-57.
  4. Siavoshy H, Seddighi A. The Effects of a Balance Exercise Program for Enhancement of Gait Function on Temporal and Spatial Gait Parameters in Young People with Intellectual Disabilities. Exceptional Education. 2016;1(138):68-73. (Persian(
  5. Siavoshy H. Effects of Two Type Exercise Training Programs on Body Composition of Adolescence with Down Syndrome. Exceptional Education. 2015;3(131):65-72. (Persian(
  6. Siyavoshi H. Progressive Tolerance Exercises for Young adults Suffering from down syndrome: A Clinical Experiment. Exceptional Education. 2013;5(118):68-71. (Persian(
  7. Siavoshy H, Bolurian F. The effects of 12 weeks of playing boccia on the social development of children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability. Journal of Exceptional Children. 2016;15(4):45-51. (Persian(
  8. Siavoshy H. Effects of Resistance Training on Salivary Hormone Profile and Immunoglobulin A in Adults with Down Syndrome. Exceptional Education. 2016;9(137):60-4. (Persian(
  9. Sedighi A, Anbarian M, Siavoshy H, editors. Effect of 8 Weeks Resistance Training on Muscle Strength in Adolescents with Down Syndrome. The First International Conference on Sport Science; 2015; Tehran, Iran.
  10. Abdullah NM, Hamid NA, Tumijan W, Parnabas V, Rahim MRA, Ismail S, et al., editors. The Differences Between Students with Intellectual Disabilities and Normal Students on the Physical Fitness Level. Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology 2014 (ICoSSEET 2014); 2014; Singapore: Springer.
  11. Graham A, Reid G. Physical fitness of adults with an intellectual disability: A 13-year follow-up study. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2000;71(2):152-61.
  12. Karinharju K. Physical Fitness and its testing in adults with intellectual disability. Department of sport sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland [Jyvaskyla]: Master’s Thesis. Available From: URL: https://jyx. jyu. fi/dspace/bitstream/handle/123456789/9 670/URN_NBN_fi_jyu-2005401. pdf; 2005. p. 7-77.
  13. Vaupshas R. The exercise intensity of mentally retarded adults as a function of an aerobic fitness program: McGill University Montreal, Quebec; 1989. p.14-105.
  14. Rarick GL. Motor performance of mentally retarded children. Physical activity: Human growth and development. 1973;1(1):225-56.
  15. van Schijndel‐Speet M, Evenhuis H, van Wijck R, van Montfort K, Echteld M. A structured physical activity and fitness programme for older adults with intellectual disabilities: results of a cluster‐randomised clinical trial. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017;61(1):16-29.
  16. Lahtinen U, Rintala P, Malin A. Physical performance of individuals with intellectual disability: A 30-year follow-up. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly. 2007;24(2):125-43.
  17. Sherrill C. Adapted physical activity, recreation and sport: Crossdisciplinary and lifespan. 6 ed. Boston: MA: McGraw-Hill; 2004. p. 10-706.
  18. Hematfar A, Sharif MAS, Valizadeh Y, Siavoshy H, Keihanshokouh J. Effect of a Six-week Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training on Some Liver Function Parameters in Middle-aged Men with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Scientific Journal of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. 2017;24(38): 206-14. (Persian(
  19. Lotan M, Yalon-Chamovitz S, Weiss PLT. Virtual reality as means to improve physical fitness of individuals at a severe level of intellectual and developmental disability. Res Dev Disabil. 2010;31(4):869-74.
  20. Frey G, Chow B. Relationship between BMI, physical fitness, and motor skills in youth with mild intellectual disabilities. Int J Obes. 2006;30(5):861–7.
  21. Boer P, Moss S. Test–retest reliability and minimal detectable change scores of twelve functional fitness tests in adults with Down syndrome. Res Dev Disabil. 2016;48:176-85.
  22. Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Feasibility and reliability of physical fitness tests in older adults with intellectual disability: a pilot study. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability. 2012;37(2):158-62.
  23. Hilgenkamp TI, van Wijck R, Evenhuis HM. Feasibility of eight physical fitness tests in 1,050 older adults with intellectual disability: Results of the healthy ageing with intellectual disabilities study. Intellectual and developmental disabilities. 2013;51(1):33-47.
  24. Mohammadi F, Rajabi R, Alizadeh MH, VaezMousavi M. Relationship between IQ Levels and Physical Fitness Factors in Students with Intellectual Disability. Sport Psychology Studies. 2015;3(10):69-74. (Persian(
  25. Monks C. The impact of the Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness and of health counselling on health attitudes and behaviour: Brock University, Ontario [Catharines]; 1996.
  26. Fernhall B. Limitations to physical work capacity in individuals with mental retardation. Clin Exerc Physiol. 2001;3:176-85.
  27. Wouters M, Evenhuis HM, Hilgenkamp TI. Systematic review of field-based physical fitness tests for children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. Res Dev Disabil. 2017;61:77-94.
  28. Samavati Sharif MA, Bagheri S, Siavoshy H. Comparison Anthropometrical and Physiological Profile Between National Handball Women's Players and Hamadan's Handball Women's Players. Research on Biosciences and Physical Actiuity. 2015;2(3):47-54. (Persian(
  29. Government of Canada. Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness (CSTF) Operations Manual. 3 ed. Ottawa, Canada: Fitness and Amateur Sport Canada. FAS 7378; 1986.
  30. Schalock RL, Borthwick-Duffy SA, Bradley VJ, Buntinx WH, Coulter DL, Craig EM, et al. Intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports. 11, editor. American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: 444 North Capitol Street NW Suite 846, Washington, DC 20001; 2010. p. 10-259.
  31. Reid G, Montgomery DL, Seidl C. Performance of mentally retarded adults on the Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness. Canadian journal of public health= Revue canadienne de sante publique. 1985;76(3):187-90.
  32. Weller IM, Thomas SG, Gledhill N, Paterson D, Quinney A. A study to validate the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test. Can J Appl Physiol. 1995;20(2):211-21.
  33. Garcia AW, Zakrajsek JS. Evaluation of the Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test with 10-to 15-year-old children. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2000;12(3):300-11.
  34. Shephard RJ, Bouchard C. A new approach to the interpretation of Canadian Home Fitness Test scores. Can J Appl Physiol. 1993;18(3):304-16.
  35. Pitetti KH, Fernhall B, Stubbs N, Stadler Jr LV. A step test for evaluating the aerobic fitness of children and adolescents with mental retardation. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1997;9(2):127-35.
  36. Jetté M, Campbell J, Mongeon J, Routhier R. The Canadian Home Fitness Test as a predictor of aerobic capacity. Can Med Assoc J. 1976;114(8):680–2.
  37. Montgomery D, Reid G, Seidl C. The effects of two physical fitness programs designed for mentally retarded adults. Canadian journal of sport sciences= Journal canadien des sciences du sport. 1988;13(1):73-8.
  38. Montgomery D, Reid G, Koziris L. Reliability and validity of three fitness tests for adults with mental handicaps. Can J Sport Sci. 1992;17(4):309-15.
  39. Farahani A, Seraj S. Nationai Index of Motor-Skill Fitness in comprehensive Volunteer of Payame Noor University Case Study:Comprehensive Undergraduate Female Volunteer. Scientific Journal Management System. 2014;3(6):87-94.
  40. Samavati Sharif MA, Rajabi A, Siavoshi H. The Effects of 6-Weeks Aerobic Exercise Training on Blood Hematological Factors in Adolescence Girls. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2016; 37(19): 8-15. (Persian(
  41. Siavoshy H, Mohammadi M, Hojjati SS, editors. Investigating the relationship between aerobic capacity and muscular strength in intellectual disability children. The First Conference on Applied Research in Sport Science; 2017; Hamadan, Iran.
  42. Short FX, Winnick JP. Test items and standards related to muscle strength and Endurance on the Brockport physical fitness test. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly. 2005;22(4):371-400.
  43. Rahmani P, Shahrokhi H, Dansehmandi H. Comparative study of physical fitness factors in intellectual disability with and without Down syndrome. Studies in Sport Medicine. 2012;4(11):81-94. (Persian(
  44. Place M, Dickinson K, Reynolds J. Do we need norms of fitness for children with autistic spectrum condition? British Journal of Special Education. 2015;42(2):199-216.

 

فیزیولوژی ورزشی
دوره 11، شماره 42 - شماره پیاپی 42
تابستان 1398
مرداد 1398
صفحه 95-112

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 مهر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 01 اردیبهشت 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 اردیبهشت 1398

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار