نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران

چکیده

سندروم حاد تنفسی جدید یعنی کروناویروس-دو (SARS-CoV2)، ایجادکنندة بیماری کووید 19 (COVID-19) به‌عنوان یک بیماری همه‌گیر تهدیدکنندة جوامع بشری از جنبه­های متفاوت است. به‌نظر می­رسد درحال‌حاضر، راهبرد اصلی مدیریت کروناویروس پیشگیری از ابتلا به آن است. فعالیت­های ورزشی با شدت متوسط علاوه‌بر ارتقای آمادگی جسمانی، باعث تقویت پاسخ­های سیستم ایمنی سلولی و هومورال به‌ویژه در افراد با ضعف سیستم ایمنی درمعرض خطر عوارض کروناویروس مانند افراد مسن، افراد چاق و دارای بیماری­های مزمن می­‌شوند؛ بنابراین، انجام‌دادن فعالیت­های ورزشی به‌صورت منظم در طول عمر می‌تواند راهبردی مؤثر برای پیشگیری از بیماری ویروسی مانند کووید-19 باشد. ازطرفی، قرنطینة خانگی و استفاده‌نکردن از اماکن ورزشی عمومی باعث کاهش میزان آمادگی جسمانی، اختلال در ریتم شبانه‌روزی، اختلال در خواب، افسردگی، افزایش رفتارهای بی‌تحرکانه و برهم‌خوردن تعادل انرژی دریافتی و مصرفی می­شوند که تمامی این موارد با ضعف سیستم ایمنی و خطر عوارض شدیدتر حاصل از بیماری کووید 19 همراه‌اند. فعالیت بدنی با شدت متوسط در خانه در زمان شیوع این بیماری می­تواند راهبردی مؤثر در مقابله با این عوارض ­باشد. همچنین، فعالیت بدنی با شدت متوسط به‌صورت مستقیم از طریق تقویت سیستم ایمنی، ارتقای دفاع آنتی‌اکسیدانتی و تقویت پاسخ­های ضدالتهابی و نیز به‌صورت غیرمستقیم از طریق کاهش اضطراب، بهبود خلق‌‌وخو، تعدیل نیم‌رخ چربی و حساسیت انسولینی، در ارتقای سیستم ایمنی و مقابله با عوارض کروناویروس مؤثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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