نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
4 استادیار فیزیوتراپی، دانشگاه علوم توانبخشی و سلامت اجتماعی
چکیده
هدف: بررسی تاثیر خستگی غیرموضعی در شرایط عملکردی ، بر تغییرات نیرو و فعالیت الکترومیوگرافی عضلات اطراف زانو در فوتبالیست های حرفه ای
مواد و روش ها: 10 فوتبالیست حرفه ای مرد سالم ( سن 1/91 ± 28/6 سال )، داوطلبانه در این تحقیق شرکت کردند. بعد ازتعیین پای غالب آزمودنی ها، یک تکرار بیشینه (1RM)هردو پا محاسبه شده و سپس، 1RM ، زمان شروع فعالیت الکتریکی عضله پهن داخلی مایل به پهن خارجی (VMO/VL) در هنگام پرش و نسبت فعالیت الکتریکی VMO/VL ، در لحظه برخورد با زمین به صورت تک پا، قبل و بعد از پروتکل خستگی با پای غالب(3 ست 3 دقیقه ای خم و بازکردن زانو با 25 درصد 1RM و بلافاصله بعد از ست سوم، پرش تک پا به مدت 2 دقیقه با حداکثر تلاش ممکن)، در هر دوپا مقایسه شد و از آزمون t وابسته یا آزمون ناپارامتریک معادل (ویلکاکسون) برای بررسی تغییرات استفاده گردید.
یافته ها: بعد از پروتکل خستگی، 1RM هردو پا به صورت معنی داری کاهش یافت(P=0.00)، در حالی که نسبت زمان شروع فعالیت الکتریکی VMO/VL ، در هردو پا تغییر معناداری نداشت (P=0.26 و P=0.49) و نسبت فعالیت الکتریکی عضله VMO/VL در لحظه تماس با زمین، در پای غالب(تمرین کرده) به صورت معناداری کاهش پیدا کرد (P=0.005)، اما در پای مقابل تغییر معناداری نکرد (p=0.22).
نتیجه گیری: خستگی عضلانی غیرموضعی در شرایط عملکردی و پویا باعث کاهش 1RM در پای غیرغالب شد در حالی که مداخله ای در نسبت زمان شروع فعالیت و نسبت فعالیت الکتریکی عضلات اطراف زانو ندارد.
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