تغییرات مسیر ژنی TSC2(RAGs)/mTOR /4E-BPs بافت کلیه رت های نر بدنبال یک دوره تمرین مقاومتی و مصرف مکمل اسپیرولینا پلانتسیس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
فاطمه حمیدی 1
حمید رضا صادقی پور 2
عبدالصالح زر 3
روح الله رنجبر 4
1 کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی وتغذیه ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران
2 استادیار، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران
3 دانشیار ، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه خلیج فارس، بوشهر، ایران.
4 دانشیار، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، ایران
10.22089/spj.2024.16068.2291
چکیده
هدف: تاثیر تمرینات مقاومتی در کنار مکمل های گیاهی بر مسیر پیام رسان mTOR در بافت های غیرعضلانی کمتر بررسی شده است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر ارزیابی تاثیر یک دوره تمرین مقاومتی و مکمل اسپیرولینا بر مسیر ژنی TSC2(RAGs)/mTOR /4E-BPs بافت کلیه موش های صحرایی نر بود. روش: تعداد 32 موش صحرایی 3ماهه و با میانگین وزن 20±150 گرم به طور تصادفی به چهارگروه کنترل، تمرین مقاومتی، مکمل اسپیرولینا و تمرین+مکمل اسپیرولینا تقسیم شدند. گروه های مکمل هرروز 200 میلیگرم اسپیرولینا مصرف می کردند. پروتکل تمرین مقاومتی به مدت هشت هفته، هفته ای 3 روز و یکبار در روز انجام شد. میزان بیان متغییرهای وابسته تحقیق با روش Real Time_PCR اندازه گیری و با تحلیل واریانس دوراهه مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها: افزایش معناداری در میزان بیان ژن 4E_PBs در گروه تعاملی مکمل اسپیرولینا و تمرین مشاهده شد (012/0 P=)، ژن TSC2 در هیچ کدام از گروهها نسبت به گروه کنترل افزایش معناداری نداشت. در فاکتور RAGs افزایش معناداری در هر سه گروه مکمل اسپیرولینا (001/0 P=)،گروه تمرین مقاومتی (001/0 P=) و گروه تعامل تمرین مقاومتی و مکمل (001/0 P=) مشاهده شد. همچنین افزایش معناداری در میزان بیان ژن mTOR در گروه مکمل اسپیرولینا (001/0 P=) و گروه تمرین مقاومتی (014/0 P=) مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: با توجه به اینکه که در گروه تعامل تمرین مقاومتی با مصرف مکمل اسپیرولینا افزایش معناداری در بیان ژن mTOR مشاهده نشد و همچنین به دلیل نقش بافت کلیه در عملکرد فیزیولوژیکی بدن، انجام تحقیقات بیشتر در این زمینه امری ضروری بنظر می‌رسد
کلیدواژه‌ها
تمرین مقاومتی
اسپیرولینا
mTOR
RAGs
TSC2
4E_PBs

موضوعات

  1. Moghadasi A, Fashi M, Ahmadizad S. The Effect of 4 Weeks of Resistance Training in Hypoxic Conditions on Hypertrophy and Function of Biceps Muscle in Healthy Men. Journal of Sport Biosciences. 2020;12(2):223-33.
  2. Negaresh R, Ranjbar R, Gharibvand MMm, Habibi A, Moktarzade M. Effect of 8-week resistance training on hypertrophy, strength, and myostatin concentration in old and young men. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2017;12(1):56-67.
  3. Hatami M, Nikooie R, Enhesari A. Presentation of Lacto-Resistance Training Method and Comparing Its Effect on Muscle Hypertrophy with Traditional Resistance Training In Professional Bodybuilders. Journal of Applied Exercise Physiology. 2019;15(29):169-81.
  4. Schoenfeld BJ. The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their application to resistance training. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2010;24(10):2857-72.
  5. Bodine SC, Stitt TN, Gonzalez M, Kline WO, Stover GL, Bauerlein R, et al. Akt/mTOR pathway is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and can prevent muscle atrophy in vivo. Nature cell biology. 2001;3(11):1014-9.
  6. NEMATI J, Samadi M, Hadidi V, MACINTASH B. EFFECT OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON MTOR AND P70S6K SIGNALING PATHWAY IN SKELETAL MUSCLE OF RATS. PHYSIOLOGY OF SPORT AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY. 2015;8(1 #B00189):-.
  7. Journal of Sport and Exercise Physiology. 2015;8(1):1149-56.
  8. Laplante M, Sabatini DM. mTOR signaling in growth control and disease. cell. 2012;149(2):274-93.
  9. Aghaei Bahmanbeglou n, sherafati moghadam m, daryanoosh f, Shadmehri S, Jahani Golbar S. High intensity interval training leads to protein synthesis through the complex pathway of a target of rapamycin (mTORC1) in the heart muscle tissue of a type 1 diabetic rats. Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences. 2021;28(1):49-55.
  10. Rivas DA, Lessard SJ, Coffey VG. mTOR function in skeletal muscle: a focal point for overnutrition and exercise. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. 2009;34(5):807-16.
  11. Shadmehri S, Sherafati Moghadam M, Daryanoosh F, Jahani Golbar S, Tanideh N. The effect of 8 weeks endurance exercise on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes. The Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2018;26(12):1063-74.
  12. Hoppeler H, Baum O, Lurman G, Mueller M. Molecular mechanisms of muscle plasticity with exercise. Comprehensive Physiology. 2011;1(3):1383-412.
  13. Pernice HF, Schieweck R, Kiebler MA, Popper B. mTOR and MAPK: from localized translation control to epilepsy. BMC neuroscience. 2016;17(1):1-10.
  14. Moghadam MS, Daryanoosh F, Salesi M, Fallahi A, Nafar MH. The effect of high intensity interval training on complex mammalian target of Rapamycin 1 (mTORC1) pathway in Flexor hallucis longus muscle (FHL) of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Daneshvar Medicine. 2019;27(140):1-10.
  15. Urano J, Ellis C, Clark GJ, Tamanoi F. Characterization of Rheb functions using yeast and mammalian systems. Methods in enzymology. 333: Elsevier; 2 p. 217-31.
  16. TOHIDI NEZHAD F, MOHAMMADABADI MR, ESMAILIZADEH AK, NAJMI NOORI A. COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF RHEB GENE EXPRESSION IN DIFFERENT TISSUES OF RAINI CASHMIR GOAT. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY. 2015;6(4):-.
  17. Clark GJ, Kinch MS, Rogers-Graham K, Sebti SM, Hamilton AD, Der CJ. The Ras-related protein Rheb is farnesylated and antagonizes Ras signaling and transformation. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1997;272(16):10608-15.
  18. Castro AF, Rebhun JF, Clark GJ, Quilliam LA. Rheb binds tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2) and promotes S6 kinase activation in a rapamycin-and farnesylation-dependent manner. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2003;278(35):32493-6.
  19. Tee AR, Manning BD, Roux PP, Cantley LC, Blenis J. Tuberous sclerosis complex gene products, Tuberin and Hamartin, control mTOR signaling by acting as a GTPase-activating protein complex toward Rheb. Current biology. 2003;13(15):1259-68.
  20. Damas F, Phillips S, Vechin FC, Ugrinowitsch C. A review of resistance training-induced changes in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and their contribution to hypertrophy. Sports medicine. 2015;45(6):
    801-7.
  21. Cheema BS, Chan D, Fahey P, Atlantis E. Effect of progressive resistance training on measures of skeletal muscle hypertrophy, muscular strength and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine. 2014;44(8):1125-38.
  22. Gutiérrez-Salmeán G, Fabila-Castillo L, Chamorro-Cevallos G. Aspectos nutricionales y toxicológicos de Spirulina (arthrospira). Nutricion hospitalaria. 2015;32(1):34-40.
  23. Sandhu J, Dheera B, Shweta S. Efficacy of Spirulina Supplementation on Isometric Strength and Isometric Endurance of Quadriceps in Trained and Untrained Individuals--a comparative study. Ibnosina Journal of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences. 2010;2(2).
  24. Torabi S, Jahadi M, Ghasemisepro N. Effects of Agitation and Aeration on Growth Kinetics of Spirulina platensis and Production of Natural Pigments in Stirred Research and Innovation in Food Science and Technology. 2021;10(3):261-72.
  25. Colla LM, Reinehr CO, Reichert C, Costa JAV. Production of biomass and nutraceutical compounds by Spirulina platensis under different temperature and nitrogen Bioresource technology. 2007;98(7):1489-93.
  26. Mordier S, Deval C, Béchet D, Tassa A, Ferrara M. Leucine limitation induces autophagy and activation of lysosome-dependent proteolysis in C2C12 myotubes through a mammalian target of rapamycin-independent signaling pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2000;275(38):29900-6.
  27. Magnuson B, Ekim B, Fingar DC. Regulation and function of ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) within mTOR signalling networks. Biochemical Journal. 2012;441(1):1-21.
  28. Gingras A-C, Gygi SP, Raught B, Polakiewicz RD, Abraham RT, Hoekstra MF, et al. Regulation of 4E-BP1 phosphorylation: a novel two-step mechanism. Genes & development. 1999;13(11):1422-37.
  29. Barone S, Zahedi K, Brooks M, Henske EP, Yang Y, Zhang E, et al. Kidney intercalated cells and the transcription factor FOXi1 drive cystogenesis in tuberous sclerosis complex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021;118(6):e2020190118.
  30. Torres VE, Boletta A, Chapman A, Gattone V, Pei Y, Qian Q, et al. Prospects for mTOR inhibitor use in patients with polycystic kidney disease and hamartomatous diseases. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2010;5(7):1312-29.
  31. Gao H, Xue Y, Wu L, Huo J, Pang Y, Chen J, et al. Protective effect of Lycium ruthenicum polyphenols on oxidative stress against acrylamide induced liver injury in rats. Molecules. 2022;27(13):4100.
  32. Sadeghipour HR, Raeisi F, Zar A. The effect of eight weeks of resistance training and Spirulina platensis supplementation on the signaling pathway of Wnt-GSK3β-TSC2-S6K in the kidney tissue of male rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2024.
  33. Ghodsbin S, Farsi S, Hosseini SA. Correlation between CRP and IL-6 serum levels after induction of diabetes and eight weeks resistance training in rats. Report of Health Care. 2017;3(4):1-9.
  34. Dehghan F, Hajiaghaalipour F, Yusof A, Muniandy S, Hosseini SA, Heydari S, et al. Saffron with resistance exercise improves diabetic parameters through the GLUT4/AMPK pathway in-vitro and in-vivo. Scientific reports. 2016;6(1):25139.
  35. Zar A, & Ahmadi, F. Evaluation of CITED4 Gene Expression in The Cardiac Muscle of Male Rats as a Result of Resistance Exercise and Spirulina Supplement. Jorjani Biomedicine Journa. 2021;9(2):36-44.
  36. Sherafati Moghadam M, Salesi M, Daryanoosh F, Hemati Nafar M, Fallahi A. The effect of 4 weeks of high intensity interval training on the content of AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in soleus skeletal muscle of rats with type 2 diabetes: An experimental study. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2018;17(9):843-54.
  37. Shadmehri S, Moghadam MS, Daryanoosh F, Golbar SJ, Tanideh N. The effect of 8 weeks endurance exercise on the content of total and phosphorylated AKT1, mTOR, P70S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in skeletal muscle FHL of rats with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences. 2019.
  38. Zanchi NE, Lancha AH. Mechanical stimuli of skeletal muscle: implications on mTOR/p70s6k and protein synthesis. European journal of applied physiology. 2008;102:253-63.
  39. Yang F-y, Niu Y-m, Liu Y-h, Chen N, Wang J-z, Fu L. Effect of aerobic exercise on the expression of tuberous sclerosis complex-2 and insulin receptor substrate 1 serine phosphorylation of skeletal muscle in mice. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research. 2011;15(7):1232.
  40. Gonzalez AM, Hoffman JR, Jajtner AR, Townsend JR, Boone CH, Beyer KS, et al. Protein supplementation does not alter intramuscular anabolic signaling or endocrine response after resistance exercise in trained men. Nutrition research. 2015;35(11):990-1000.
  41. Sancak Y, Peterson TR, Shaul YD, Lindquist RA, Thoreen CC, Bar-Peled L, et al. The Rag GTPases bind raptor and mediate amino acid signaling to mTORC1. Science. 2008;320(5882):1496-501.
  42. Kim E, Goraksha-Hicks P, Li L, Neufeld TP, Guan K-L. Regulation of TORC1 by Rag GTPases in nutrient response. Nature cell biology. 2008;10(8):935-45.
  43. Sancak Y, Bar-Peled L, Zoncu R, Markhard AL, Nada S, Sabatini DM. Ragulator-Rag complex targets mTORC1 to the lysosomal surface and is necessary for its activation by amino acids. Cell. 2010;141(2):290-303.
  44. Mousavizadeh R, Hojabrpour P, Eltit F, McDonald PC, Dedhar S, McCormack RG, et al. β1 integrin, ILK and mTOR regulate collagen synthesis in mechanically loaded tendon cells. Scientific Reports. 2020;10(1):12644.
  45. Philp A, Hamilton DL, Baar K. Signals mediating skeletal muscle remodeling by resistance exercise: PI3-kinase independent activation of mTORC1. Journal of Applied Physiology. 2011;110(2):561-8.
  46. Mousaei M, Azarbayjani MA, Peeri M, Hosseini SA. The Eeffect of 4 Weeks Resistance Training and Testosterone Supplementation on mTOR Gene Expression in Tendon Tissue of Male Rats. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2022;29(1):144-52.
  47. Gharahdaghi N, Rudrappa S, Brook MS, Idris I, Crossland H, Hamrock C, et al. Testosterone therapy induces molecular programming augmenting physiological adaptations to resistance exercise in older men. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle. 2019;10(6):1276-94.
  48. Moieni A, Hosseini SA. Effect of Resistance Training Combined with Curcumin Supplementation on Expression of Regulatory Genes Related to Myocardial Remodeling in Obese Rats. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology. 2020;7(2):45-52.
  49. Ahmadi F, Zadeh MG, Habibi A, Karimi F. Effect of resistance training with Spirulina platensis on PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6k signaling pathway in cardiac muscle. Science & Sports. 2020;35(2):91-8.

 

فیزیولوژی ورزشی
دوره 16، شماره 61
فروردین 1403
صفحه 31-46

  • تاریخ دریافت 29 آذر 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 27 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 13 تیر 1403