مقایسۀ آثار تمرینات استقامتی تداومی و تناوبی بر فاکتورهای گلیسمیک بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو: مرور نظام‌مند و فراتحلیل مقالات داخل ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
مهدی غفاری 1
محمد فرامرزی 2
ابراهیم بنی طالبی 3
1 استادیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، گروه علوم ورزشی
2 استاد فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، گروه علوم ورزشی
3 دانشیار فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، گروه علوم ورزشی دانشگاه شهرکرد
10.22089/spj.2020.7869.1959
چکیده
پژوهش‌های زیادی تأثیر فعالیت ورزشی را بر عوامل مرتبط با بیماری دیابت بررسی کرده‌اند. هدف اصلی از انجام‌شدن پژوهش حاضر، مقایسۀ آثار تمرینات استقامتی تداومی و تناوبی بر فاکتورهای گلیسمیک بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو، به‌صورت مرور نظام‌مند و فراتحلیل مطالعات داخل ایران بود. در پژوهش حاضر، پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Science Direct،PubMed ، Scopus، Web of Science، SID، Magiran و Google Scholar از سال‌های ۱۳۸۰ تا ۱۳۹۸، همراه با کلمات کلیدی جست‌وجو شدند. بعد از غربالگری اولیه، متن کامل مقالات ارزیابی شد و مقالاتی که معیارهای ورود به پژوهش داشتند، تحلیل شدند. تعداد ۲۳1 مقاله بررسی اولیه شدند و از این میان 25 مقاله معیارهای ورود به مرور سیستماتیک و فراتحلیل را داشتند؛ براین‌اساس ۹۰۸ فرد دیابتی که به دو گروه تجربی و گروه کنترل به‌ترتیب تعداد ۴۹۴ و ۴۱۴ نفر تقسیم ‌شدند، در گروه تجربی (30۵ زن، 189 مرد) و در گروه کنترل (۲۷۸ زن، ۱۳۶ مرد) قرار گرفتند. میانگین سنی آزمودنی‌ها در پژوهش حاضر ۵۰ سال بود. نتایج متاآنالیز نشان داد که تمرینات تناوبی و تداومی هر دو موجب بهبود شاخص‌های گلیسمی می‌‌شوند. تمرینات استقامتی تداومی و تمرینات تناوبی موجب کاهش معنادار سطوح گلوکز ((P=0.001; SE=0.18, 95% CI= -1.24 - 0.86, Z=-10 و انسولین ((P=0.001; SE= 0.18, 95% CI= -1.62 - 0.917, Z=-7 و مقاومت به انسولین (P=0.001; SE= 0.05, 95% CI= -0.34 - 0.13, Z=-4.52) شدند. بین تمرین تداومی و تناوبی در سطوح گلوکز و انسولین اختلاف معنادار مشاهده شد (P=0.002، P=0.0001)، اما این اختلاف در مقاومت به انسولین مشاهده نشد (P=0.42). تمرینات استقامتی تداومی و تناوبی موجب بهبود سطوح گلوکز خون، انسولین و مقاومت به انسولین می‌‌شوند و تمرینات تناوبی در بهبود عملکرد شاخص‌های گلیسمی مؤثرتر هستند؛ اگرچه در این زمینه به انجام‌دادن مطالعاتی بیشتر و با کیفیت بهتر نیاز است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
گلوکز
انسولین
مقاومت به انسولین
تمرینات تناوبی
تمرینات تداومی

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  • تاریخ دریافت 30 شهریور 1398
  • تاریخ بازنگری 23 دی 1398
  • تاریخ پذیرش 14 بهمن 1398