نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری
نویسندگان
1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی،دانشکده تربیت بدنی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر، کرمان، ایران
2 گروه فیزیولوژی و فارماکولوژی ، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران
چکیده
چاقی ازطریق اختلال در بیان و ترشح آدیپوکاین ها باعث برهم خوردن اعمال بیولوژیک مختلف بدن و بروز بیماری‌های ثانویه ای از جمله دیابت نوع 2 می شود. کشف هورمون لپتین (یکی از مهم ترین آدیپوکاین ها) علاقه بسیاری را برای درمان چاقی برانگیخت، چرا که این هورمون به عنوان هورمون کنترل کننده اشتها شناخته می شود و نقش تنظیم کننده دریافت غذا، مصرف و تعادل انرژی بدن را داراست. سطوح پلاسمایی لپتین با ذخایر چربی بدن ارتباط مستقیم دارد و به تغییرات در تعادل انرژی پاسخ می دهد. لپتین با عبور از سد خونی مغزی وارد هیپوتالاموس می شود و ترشح هورمون های محرک اشتها را کاهش و هورمون های سرکوب کننده اشتها را افزایش می دهد. بنابراین کنترل مسیر سیگنالینگ لپتین در هیپوتالاموس می تواند دریچه ای برای درمان چاقی و مشکلات متابولیکی ناشی از آن مانند دیابت نوع 2 را فراهم کند. فعالیت ورزشی یکی ازمهم ترین کنترل کننده ترشح لپتین است و از این رو اثر فعالیت ورزشی بر هورمون های اشتها در شرایط چاقی و دیابت با تاکید بر نقش لپتین در کراس تاک بافت چربی و هیپوتالاموس بررسی می شود. بدین منظور بدین منظور پایگاه های Google Scholar، PumMed، Scopus، SID، نور،مگیران مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند و مطالعات چاپ شده بین سال های 2000 تا 30 جولای 2021 تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. به نظر می رسد فعالیت ورزشی سطوح لپتین را افزایش و بیان ژن های سرکوب کننده اشتها را تحریک می کند. درحالیکه بیان ژن های محرک اشتها را مهار می کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
- Khoramipour K, Ahmadi Hekmatikar A, Sotvan H. An overview of Fatmax and MFO in exercise. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;27(3):49-59 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Chamari K, Hekmatikar AA, Ziyaiyan A, Taherkhani S, Elguindy NM, et al. Adiponectin: structure, physiological functions, role in diseases, and effects of nutrition. Nutrients. 2021;13(4):1180 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Sandbakk Ø, Keshteli AH, Gaeini AA, Wishart DS, Chamari K. Metabolomics in Exercise and Sports: a Systematic Review. Sports Medicine. 2021; Oct30 : 1-37 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Basereh A, Hekmatikar AA, Castell L, Ruhee RT, Suzuki K. Physical activity and nutrition guidelines to help with the fight against COVID-19. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2021;39(1):101-7 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Katanchi A, Hajirasouli M, Behbudi L, Basereh A, Dehghan P, et al. Combined training in patient with aids: improved quality of life and preserved BDNF. Sport Sciences for Health. 2021; Mar;18(1) : 1-8 (In persian).
- Kwon O, Kim KW, Kim M-S. Leptin signalling pathways in hypothalamic neurons. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 2016;73(7):1457-77.
- Khoramipour K, Gaeini A, Gilany K. Metabolomics application in exercise metabolism research: a review study. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2019;21(2): 102-116 (In persian).
- Park H-K, Ahima RS. Physiology of leptin: energy homeostasis, neuroendocrine function and metabolism. Metabolism. 2015;64(1):24-34.
- Lee EB. Obesity, leptin, and Alzheimer's disease. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2011;1243:15.
- Forny-Germano L, De Felice FG, Vieira MNdN. The role of leptin and adiponectin in obesity-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. Frontiers in neuroscience. 2019;12:1027.
- Marwarha G, Ghribi O. Leptin signaling and Alzheimer’s disease. American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease. 2012;1(3):245.
- Park H-K, Ahima RS. Leptin signaling. F1000prime Reports. 2014;6: 1-8 .
- Rodrigues KC, Pereira RM, de Campos TD, Moura RFd, da Silva AS, Cintra DE, et al. The role of physical exercise to improve the browning of white adipose tissue via POMC neurons. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2018;12:88.
- Khoramipour K, Gaeini AA, Shirzad E, Gilany K, Chashniam S, Sandbakk Ø. Metabolic load comparison between the quarters of a game in elite male basketball players using sport metabolomics. European Journal of Sport Science. 2020; Jul 3;21(7) :1-13 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Ebrahim K, Hovanloo F, Dehghan P, Basereh A. Effect of isometric exercise with different load with and without blood flow restriction on fast twitch fibers recruitment. Pajoohandeh Journal. 2015;20(5):249-57 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Gaeini AA, Shirzad E, Gilany K, Chamari K, Sandbakk Ø. Using metabolomics to differentiate player positions in elite male basketball games: a pilot study. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. 2021;8:417 (In persian).
- Khoramipour K, Gaeini AA, Shirzad E, Gilany K, Chashniam S, Sandbakk Ø. Metabolic load comparison between the quarters of a game in elite male basketball players using sport metabolomics. European Journal of Sport Science. 2021;21(7):1022-34 (In persian).
- Moosavi-Sohroforouzani A, Ganbarzadeh M. Reviewing the physiological effects of aerobic and resistance training on insulin resistance and some biomarkers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. KAUMS Journal (FEYZ). 2016 Aug 10;20(3):282-96 (In persian).
- Bunner W, Landry T, Laing BT, Li P, Rao Z, Yuan Y, et al. ARCAgRP/NPY Neuron Activity Is Required for Acute Exercise-Induced Food Intake in Un-Trained Mice. Frontiers in Physiology. 2020;11:411.
- Gaspar RC, Muñoz VR, Kuga GK, Nakandakari SCBR, Minuzzi LG, Botezelli JD, et al. Acute physical exercise increases leptin‐induced hypothalamic extracellular signal‐regulated kinase1/2 phosphorylation and thermogenesis of obese mice. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 2019;120(1):697-704.
- Chiarreotto-Ropelle EC, Pauli LS, Katashima CK, Pimentel GD, Picardi PK, Silva VR, et al. Acute exercise suppresses hypothalamic PTP1B protein level and improves insulin and leptin signaling in obese rats. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2013;305(5):E649-E59.
- Flores MB, Fernandes MFA, Ropelle ER, Faria MC, Ueno M, Velloso LA, et al. Exercise improves insulin and leptin sensitivity in hypothalamus of Wistar rats. Diabetes. 2006;55(9):2554-61.
- Ropelle ER, Flores MB, Cintra DE, Rocha GZ, Pauli JR, Morari J, et al. IL-6 and IL-10 anti-inflammatory activity links exercise to hypothalamic insulin and leptin sensitivity through IKKβ and ER stress inhibition. PLoS Biology. 2010;8(8):e1000465.
- Ropelle ER, Fernandes MFA, Flores MB, Ueno M, Rocco S, Marin R, et al. Central exercise action increases the AMPK and mTOR response to leptin. PloS One. 2008;3(12):e3856.
- He Z, Gao Y, Alhadeff AL, Castorena CM, Huang Y, Lieu L, et al. Cellular and synaptic reorganization of arcuate NPY/AgRP and POMC neurons after exercise. Molecular Metabolism. 2018;18:107-19.
- Borg ML, Andrews ZB, Watt MJ. Exercise training does not enhance hypothalamic responsiveness to leptin or ghrelin in male mice. Journal of Neuroendocrinology. 2014;26(2):68-79.
- Kang S, Kim KB, Shin KO. Exercise training improve leptin sensitivity in peripheral tissue of obese rats. Biochemical and biophysical research Communications. 2013;435(3):454-9.
- Zhao J, Tian Y, Xu J, Liu D, Wang X, Zhao B. Endurance exercise is a leptin signaling mimetic in hypothalamus of Wistar rats. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2011;10(1):
1-7. - Park S, Jang JS, Jun DW, Hong SM. Exercise enhances insulin and leptin signaling in the cerebral cortex and hypothalamus during dexamethasone-induced stress in diabetic rats. Neuroendocrinology. 2005;82(5-6):282-93.
- Shin M-S, Kim H, Chang H-K, Lee T-H, Jang M-H, Shin M-C, et al. Treadmill exercise suppresses diabetes-induced increment of neuropeptide Y expression in the hypothalamus of rats. Neuroscience Letters. 2003;346(3):157-60.
- Laing BT, Do K, Matsubara T, Wert DW, Avery MJ, Langdon EM, et al. Voluntary exercise improves hypothalamic and metabolic function in obese mice. J Endocrinol. 2016;229(2):109-22.
- Carhuatanta KAK, Demuro G, Tschöp MH, Pfluger PT, Benoit SC, Obici S. Voluntary exercise improves high-fat diet-induced leptin resistance independent of adiposity. Endocrinology. 2011;152(7):2655-64.
- Scarpace P, Matheny M, Zhang Y. Wheel running eliminates high-fat preference and enhances leptin signaling in the ventral tegmental area. Physiology & Behavior. 2010;100(2):173-9.
- Gomez-Pinilla F, Ying Z. Differential effects of exercise and dietary docosahexaenoic acid on molecular systems associated with control of allostasis in the hypothalamus and hippocampus. Neuroscience. 2010;168(1):130-7.
- Matheny M, Zhang Y, Shapiro A, Tümer N, Scarpace PJ. Central overexpression of leptin antagonist reduces wheel running and underscores importance of endogenous leptin receptor activity in energy homeostasis. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 2009;297(5):R1254-R61.
- Shapiro A, Cheng K-Y, Gao Y, Seo D-o, Anton S, Carter CS, et al. The act of voluntary wheel running reverses dietary hyperphagia and increases leptin signaling in ventral tegmental area of aged obese rats. Gerontology. 2011;57(4):335-42.
- De Rijke C, Hillebrand J, Verhagen L, Roeling T, Adan R. Hypothalamic neuropeptide expression following chronic food restriction in sedentary and wheel-running rats. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology. 2005;35(2):381-90.
- Akbarpour Beni M, Fathollahi Shoorabeh F, Mardanian MR, Samari Ebrahimzadeh Z. Comparison of the Agouti Dependent Protein and Neuropeptide Y Response to the High Intensity Interval Training in Obese and Underweight Men. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity. 2021;13(2):95-101 (In persian).
- Faraji H, Dabagh Nikokheslat S. The effect of concurrent training on plasma Nesfatin, Resistin, Visfatin and peptide YY levels in obese women. Metab Exerc J. 2016;6(1):19-31 (In persian).
- Rahmani NF, Mirzaei B, Rahimi R. The effect of resistance exercise with different volumes on PYY, NPY and insulin in overweight men. Journal of Sport Physiology 2011;3(11): 13-30 (In persian).
- Gobadi MR, Rahmaninia F, Mirzaei B, Hedayati M. Effects of 8 weeks of aerobic training on Agouti-related peptide, appetite hormones and insulin resistance in overweight sedentary women. Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. 2016;14(2): 2-14 (In persian).
- Jafari A, Peeri M, Azarbayejani M, Homai H. Effect of resistance training on appetite regulation and level of related peptidesin sedentary healthy men. Medical Laboratory Journal. 2017;11(4):24-9 (In persian).
- Soori R, Mahmoudi F, Ramezankhani A, Ranjbar K. Effect of twelve weeks endurance training on appetite regulating hormones and cortisol in obese men. Res Med. 2017;41(1):37-44 (In persian).
- Salehi E, Banitalebi E, Faramarzi M, Bagheri L, Mardanpour Shahrekordi Z. Effects of 8-weeks combined training (strength and endurance) on serum levels of AGRP, GH and changes in appetite and body mass in postmenopausal women. The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. 2016;19(28):1-9 (In persian).
- Ghiasi E, Manesh MD, Daryanoosh F, Nazemzadeghan G. Effect of eight weeks aerobic exercise on plasma level of agouti-related protein, glycated hemoglobin and glucose in non-active type II diabetic women. Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. 2015;17(3): 89-94 (In persian).
)